Theory of flight
Why are the flaps/slats used?
They are used to assist the aircrafts lift by changing the shape of the wing and creating a larger surface area.
Where are the flaps/slats located?
Slats are located on the leading edge of the wing
Flaps are located on the trailing edge of the wing
What is drag?
The resistance an object experiences when passing through the air
What is the summary of aerodynamic forces?
Lift = Weight
Thrust = Drag
How does the airconditioning unit operate?
It filters compressed air (bleed air) through the engines into the airconditioning packs where it is conditioned and cooled.
What are the ailerons used for?
The ailerons are used to assist the plan to bank left and right (roll).
How do you activite the rudder?
You activate the rudder by foot pedals located in the flight deck
What are the elevators used for?
The elevators are used to assist the plan in climbing and descending (pitch).
Where are the elevators located?
They are located on the horizonal stabilisers.
Where are the ailerons located?
They ailerons are located on the trailing edge of the wings.
What are the major aircraft components?
Wings
Engines
Landing gear
Where is the landing gear located?
It is connected and stored in the fuselage during flight.
- Nose gear
- Body gear
On some aircraft they have wing gear.
What is reversed thrust used for? Where does the air go?
Reversed thrust is used to slow the aircraft down after landing. Some of the air is redirected forward.
What happens when the elevators are hinged down?
When the elevators are hinged down this means that there is a increased upward force on the tail of the aircraf, in turn causing the nose of the plane to lower.
What is the crusing altitude height?
40,000ft
What can effect the balance of the aircraft?
Passenger movement
What aerodynamic must overcome weight?
Lift must be overcome by weight. The heavier the plane, the more lift it has to generate.
What are the 4 aerodynamic forces?
Lift
Weight
Thrust
Drag
Why do you distribute the weight?
Because otherwise it will effect the performance of the flight.
What makes up the total weight of an aircraft?
Passengers + Crew
Cargo
Baggage
Fuel
What areas are used with electrical power?
Galley power
In flight entertainment
Communications
Lighting around the aircraft
What is the Auxillary/APU power unit? Where is it?
The APU supplies electrical power when the main engines are not running. It also supplies power to start the engines. It is located at the back of the aircraft in the tail.
Where is the leading and trailing edge?
The leading edge is the front edge of the wing and the trailing is the back
Where is the fuel stored? Why would it be dumped?
It is stored in the wings and under the middle part of the aircraft. It would be dumped in an emergency to make the aircraft lighter.
What does contamination to the wing mean?
Coming into contact with things such as ice or snow will effect the flow in which the wings need to lift.
What is the rudder used for?
The rudder is used to control the YAW of the plane. It assists in moving the nose of the plane left and right.
How do aielerons move?
Ailerons move in oposite directions to one another to assist in the roll of the aircraft.
What are the spoilers (Speed brakes) used for?
They are used to slow down the aircraft by interupting the smooth flow of air across the top of the wings.
What must thrust overcome?
Drag- in order to be propelled forwards
What are the discharge valves used for?
Getting rid of unwanted air conditioned air
How is lift generated?
Lift is generated by the airfoil. Air moves faster over the top of the wing causing the pressure of the air to decrease. So the pressure on the top of the wing is less than the pressure on the bottom of the wing. The difference in pressure creates a force on the wing that lifts the wing up into the air.
What is force defined as?
A push or pull in a specific direction
How does a fire extinguisher operate on the engine?
Flight crew operate these if they recieve an engine fire alert in the flight deck.
What is the difference between the landing gear?
Nose gear is used to steer the aircraft when taxiying
Body gear/wing gear- is known as brake units and is used to slow the aircraft don on the ground.
When is it normal to see wing flexes?
When moving along the ground due to weight of the fuel.
When in flight due to change in air pressure and turbulance.
What type of fuel is used?
Kersene
What is it called when you dump fuel?
Jettison fuel