knee revision - diagnostic radiography
what is the area of interest for an AP knee x-ray?
distal 1/3 of the femur and proximal 1/3 of the tibia and fibula
where should the patella be in an AP knee x-ray?
centralised
what should be slightly superimposed on an AP knee x-ray?
fibular head, should be slightly superimposed by the lateral tibial condyle
what should be superimposed in a lateral knee x-ray?
femoral condyles
what there should be a clear view of in a HBL knee x-ray?
suprapatellar pouch
why should the knee be rotated slightly in an AP knee x-ray?
to centralise the patella
what is the exposure factors for an AP, lateral and HBL knee x-ray?
63kV, 2.5 mAs
what is the exposure factor for a skyline knee x-ray?
65kV, 3.2 mAs
where should the apex of the patella not be in an AP knee x-ray?
in the intercondylar notch
what should not be visible in an lateral knee x-ray?
adductor tubercle
when is a knee x-ray not justified?
osgood-schlatter's disease or anything to do with the soft tissue structures of the knee
what is the most common cause of a platella fracture?
direct blow to the anterior knee
what should the suprapatellar pouch measure in a normal knee?
5mm or less
what is commonly mistaken for a platella fracture?
bipartite patella
how can a bipartite patella be differentiated from a fracture?
smooth edges
what is more common: lateral tibial plateau fractures or medial tibial plateau fractures?
lateral tibial plateau fractures
what is a valgus force?
distal aspect of the knee joint and the tib and fib are angled more laterally
what is a varus force?
distal aspect of the knee joint and the tib and fib are angled more medially
what is a layered effusion of fat and blood?
lipohaemarthrosis
where are tibial eminence fractures most commonly found in?
children / paediatrics
what are symptoms of osteoarthritis in the knee?
knee pain, stiffness, and swelling
what is OCD?
osteochondritis dissecans
what are the ligaments of the knee?
PCL, MCL, ACL & LCL
what muscle is underneath the patella?
patellar ligament
what muscle is above the patella?
platella tendon
what is crepitus?
bone on bone clicking
what does osgood-schlatter's diseasd affect?
the tibial tuberosity
what is lipoharmarthrosis sometimes only a clear indication of?
an intra-articular fracture
what kind of bone is the platella?
sesamoid bone
what type of joint is the knee joint?
synovial condylar joint
what are the movements of the knee?
flexion, extension, lateral and medial rotation
to which structures do the cruciate ligaments attach to?
intercondylar eminence
what is the function of the menisci?
shock absorption, acts as a cushion. also provides stabilisation for the joint
what is the function of the ACL?
prevents too much anterior translation of tibia in relation to the femur
what is the function of the pcl?
prevents too much posterior translation of tibia in relation to the femur
what are the functions of the MCL and the LCL?
stops lateral and medial movement
where does the platella ligament attach to?
tibial tuberosity
what does tenderness at the site of the platella ligament insertion normally mean?
osgood-schlatter's disease
in which age group does the knee ossify?
2 - 6
what is the function of the knee bursae?
reduce friction between moving surfacdd
what is bursitis?
inflammation of the bursae
what is a bursae that may extend in injury?
suprapatellar bursa
what are the cruciate ligaments?
PCL & ACL
what are the structures attached to the collateral ligaments?
MCL & LCL
what are some diseases of the knee?
kohlers, kienbox, frieburgs, severs (calcaneum)
what causes prepatellar bursitis?
repetitive kneeling on a hard surface
| Quiz |
|---|
| Kraft och rörelse |
| Engelska läxa |
| frans leest toets |
| Intro to Canadian Legal System - Dec 6study for test |
| Intro to Canadian Legal System |
| welness exam |
| PSYC*1000 memoryquestions to practice for psych final exam |
| particel model of matter |
| Criminal Law- non-fatal offences |
| ..... |
| strat socialestrat sociale quizz |
| French |
| EngelsVwo leerjaar 1 Irregular verbs |
| russian |
| L2 S1 : DO : Introduction (papier vert bas) (1) |
| women |
| History 1.2, 1.3, 1.5, 2.1, 2.2 |
| Stoichometry |
| SOC Term 2 |
| social chapter 2 quizsocia |
| OSI Model Layers |
| Molecular Genetics Part 2 |
| chem 120 |
| Week 1 - Skin Care 1 - First Impressions & Room Furnishings |
| Week 1 - Skin Care 1 - Bacteriology & Sanitation |
| Crim 2p33 start-test 1 |
| PSYCH 333: Early Adulthood |
| PSYCH 333: Adolescence |
| Intervention |
| DNA |
| korean |
| Module 6- part 4 |
| Criminal law- sexual offences |
| Criminal Law- Robbery |
| Bio Unit 0,3a,3b |
| English NounsPeople = Personas |
| Crim 2P33 2nd midterm-final class |
| Economie |
| tent |
| Gov final |
| 2.2 History Review |
| 2.1 History Flashcards |
| diritto internazionale |
| initiation |
| frans |
| frans |
| woorden |
| L2 S1 : HDP Section 5 & 6 (Mr Hoarau) (7) |
| EPA - Project Management |
| L2 S1 : HDP : Des peines et des châtiments (Mr Hoarau) (6) |
| L2 S1 : HDP La naissance et développement de la procédure laique (Mr Hoarau) (5) |
| PSYCH 333: Early AdulthoodFinal exam on December 11 |
| droit penal international |
| PSYCH 333: Middle AdulthoodFinal exam on December 11 |
| French |
| Science test Prep 2 |
| science |
| french verbs |
| New Religious Movements |
| L2 S1 : HDP Section 1 : justice royale et 2 : sources (Mr Hoarau) (4) |
| Life science |
| Criminal Law- Duress |
| Criminal law- Self-Defence |
| Criminal law- Theft |
| Chapter 13- STD's |
| spanska till 5 December |
| Psych exam! |
| L2 S1 : HDP La peine dans le monde héllénistique antique (Mme Lault) (3) |
| Module 6 part 3 final anatomy |
| Chapter 12- Substance Use and Abuse |
| Fegato |
| the atomic structure |
| Chapter 11- Cancer development |
| Criminal, Civil or Administrative |
| L2 S1 : HDP De la justice domestique à la justice publique (Mme Lault) (2) |
| Chapter 10- Cardio disease |
| L2 S1 : HDP Introduction (Mme Lault) (1) |
| chap 13les sentiments |
| chap 55time and calendar |
| micro final |
| zinnnen c franslet op interpunctie
groetjes juul |
| Biology Revision Y8 2023 |
| frans b |
| Marie |
| L2 S1 : FP La procédure du budget de l'Etat et son contrôle : Partie 5 (5) |
| MusclesMuscles |
| physics revision part 2 |
| Bio lecture 28-30 slide 14 |
| REC 230 |
| physics revision part 1 |
| Climate change |
| anatomy 3 |
| Labo des nerfs |
| L2 S1 : FP La procédure lois de finances/ budget : Partie 3 & 4 (4) |
| motion |
| energy |
| space |
| electricity |
| sound |
| forces |
| geschiedenis blad |
| L2 S1 : FP La loi de finances : Partie 2 (3) |
| bio lec 6 |
| bio lec 5 |
| Weather Abbreviations |
| unit 4 higher vocab 2 |
| french |
| 19 gedragsproblematiek |
| maths conversions |
| crime 1.4 |
| franska viktiga verb |
| franska grammatik |
| Nederlands woordenschatwoorden en spreekwoorden |
| la comida |
| frans a |
| crime 1.3 |
| 3x3 bld |
| SOC109 Theories |
| Prebiotic earth |
| Cell Types |
| geo quiz unit 3 |
| fnce 3 |
| tobom final |
| Ento. 4 |
| Sociology 100 Exam (Chapters 4 & 5) |
| labo - 7 et 8 - muscle |
| geo |
| All Quiet on the Western Front List B |
| fnce 2 |
| biolec 4 |
| bio120 |
| ecosystems |
| health |
| reproduction |
| cells |
| organs |
| theater |
| Exam |
| espagnol 2 |
| espagnol 1 |
| Spanish |
| Dutch board game - copyPJ |
| Dutch prepositions - copyPJ |
| Dutch vocabulary - copyPJ |
| French DL - Units 1-3 - copyPJ |
| French Unit 1 Revision - copyPJ |
| french body parts - copyPJ |
| French (les verbes- family) - copyPJ |
| French infinitive words and endings - copyPJ |
| French language - copyPJ |
| Les verbes pronominaux & hobbies (french) - copyPJ |
| french weather - copyPJ |
| L2 S1 : FP LOLF 2024 (à part) |
| final vocab |
| Geschiedenis hoofdstuk 11.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 |
| ELA: Government |
| math multiplacationmath is number 1# |
| chapter-2 |
| chapter-9 Human Resource Management |
| chapter-11 Duplicate |
| chapter-11 Risk Management |
| chapter-10 Communication Management |
| chapter-13 DONT NEED TO STUDY |
| chapter-12 edited |
| chapter-8 edited |
| chapter-7 edited |
| chapter-6 duplicate |
| chapter-6 edited |
| chapter-5 edited |
| chapter-4 edited |
| chapter-3 edited |
| Sociology 100 Final Exam (Chapters 2 & 3) |
| blood spatter terminology |
| Travel- Exta info i didn't add |
| Italian Pizzas |
| Traditional Pizzas |
| Lower Limb Muscles Origin Insertion and Action |
| Un frere penible |
| History 106 Exam |
| Spanish 101 Exam |
| Humanities 110 Exam |
| Business 121 Exam |
| Religion 110 Exam |
| sexual reproduction in animals |
| reproduction in animals |
| diabetic foot |
| Diabetes |
| Material tenta |
| 13 gezondheidseducatie en bewegingsactiviteiten |
| stems list 8 |
| PhysicsPhysics [Waves] |
| Bio 105 Lecture 9 |
| Biological molecules |
| georgia national real estate exam |
| georgia real estate laws and pratices |
| Biological molecules |
| Intro to Canadian Justice Final |
| 🌎 📜wrld hstryjiba
jiba
jiba |
| TDM, Toxicology, Vitamins, and Tumor Markers |
| SOC109 Final |
| Psychological Dirosders |
| psychology disorders |
| Strat Comm Exam 3 |
| Unit 14: Key Terms |
| OPTA 222 (respiratory) |
| Unit 13: Key Terms |
| BIOLOGIE-CHAPITRE 7 |
| Ses chap 3 |
| aadrijkskunde 2.1 tot 2.3 (3 havo)Ak 3 havo so (juno) |
| L2 S1 : FP Les grands principes budgétaires : Partie 1 (2) |
| Spanish vocab test reading |
| Bio quiz 1 |
| Mental Health and Learning Disability |
| Science |
| CompTIA A+ 1101/1102 Acronyms A-E -copy |
| chap 36town cites town life |
| Pasapalabra |
| Real Estates |
| sciencecharge |
| American Lit Writing Peices |
| vocab ch 13 |
| 8 parts of speech |
| 8 parts of speech |
| science |
| Drama test (Personal). |
| French infinitive words and endingshelp for those who are in need of revision for French, especially, for infinitive endings |
| Week 9 - Skin Care 1 -AHA Exfoliation, Masks and Sun Screen |
| Week 6 - Skin Care 1 - History of Esthetics - A Journey through Time: Then and Now |
| Week 8 - Skin Care 1 - Skin Analysis & Toners |
| BCS Foundation |
| Latin 2nd Declension |
| Latin nouns revisionLatin nouns revision: noun cases and their meanings, 1st declension and 2nd declension endings singular and plural. |
| Ordslista fysisk stridsvärde |
| CEJM |
| Biology Unit 3: Evolution |
| main scene in romeo and juliet |
| romeo and juliet epithets |
| Module 3 Psych |
| aadrijkskunde 2 |
| french |
| NE klas 1 periode 2 toets |
| Theory Comm Exam 3 |
| jordy |
| 737 |
| AI |
| Sociology changing patterns of partnership |
| italiano |
| camel |
| GA laws & practices |
| All Quiet on the Western Front List A |
| FNCE 1 |
| Jr proficiency |
| Chapter 7- Alkyl Halides |
| Kin module 3 quiz |
| BIO CELLS |
| OPTA 222 (endocrine system) |
| Chirurgie générale - Orale |
| farm animal ocular exam |
| yo mamayuh |
| maw |
| BIOLOGY 1.3 |
| IAL Exam |
| Franskafranska |
| L2 S1 : FP Introduction (1) |
| no ekologi |
| geography |
| bio se2 |
| l'économie |
| Youth trends and personal identity (les verbes) |
| French (les verbes- family) |
| health and social |
| L'industrie |
| vocab 12 |
| history vocab quiz |
| science |
| Japanese Unit 5 |
| Bio 111L Skull |
| Fnce |
| bio |
| EMC |
| gcse biology paper 2 |
| Families |
| Business- Booklet E Breakeven |
| Business- Booklet E Cashflow Forecast |
| Business |
| REAL eSTATE EXAM |
| Kin module 2 quiz |
| Kin module 1 |
| BIOLOGY 1.4 |
| belangrijke begrippen |
| Kollen |
| BIOLOGY 1.5 |
| Emergency Equipment Practical |
| canin crew exam |
| klimaat zones |
| Labo - 5 et 6 |
| Box Office |
| Emergency Equipment - copy 1 |
| Science test |
| Kinesiology and Pathologies |
| Kinesiology Shoulder and ArmKey Concepts |
| Romeo and Juliet (Act 3, 4, and 5) |
| FSC 360 final |
| Emergency Equipment |
| histoire |
