positive
negative
1
+1
1
0
roughly 0
-1
nucleues
protons and nuetrons
element with same protons but different nuetron
the atom absorb EM radiation
the atom emits EM radiation
that atom was a big ball of sphere that cannot be divided
thomson
plum pudding
it was model conssiting of positive sphere where negative electron where embedded , which made the nuclues nuetral
rutherford
when we did alpha ray expiriment some of the rays go refleceted which means teh nucleues should be oppositly charged
from the expiriment some of the rays were reflected 90 degree which means the mass should be concntrated in the middle
positive nuclues and negative electorn clouds around them
bohr
proton and nuetron at the center and electron orbiitn it in a fixed position
nuclur model of atom
a random process where the nuclues give ou radiation inorder to become more stable
is the rate at which source of unstabel nuclie decay
bq
no of decay recoreded by detector per secon [ geiger muller tube]
alpha
beta
gamma
neutron
mass number decrease by 4, charge decrease by 2
mass stay the same the charge increaase by 1
time taken for half of the given substance to halve
unwanted presence of radioacative substance on other material
long
exposing an object to radiation, this does not make tha object radioactive
short
cosmic rays
underground rocks that emit radiation
medical rays
siverts
tracers
chemotherapy
technisium
it haas a half of 6hr
decays into safe isotops that can be escerted from teh body
injected or swallowed it got enough time to betracked down
it is a gamma emitter so it can pass through the tissue without being absorbed
gamma emiters are used to emmit gamma rays onto certain cancerous cells ad kill the cells,it used to control any other unwanated tissue too.this can also cause unhealhty side effects
splitting up of large and unstble nuclie into two small daugter nuclie
plutonium, urnnium
an unstabel nuclie absorb a nuclues making it split into two other smaller daughter nuclie.energy is realised in this process
when two smaller nuclei fuse to from heavy nucleus, releasig a lot of energy