WC ISLAM Test
Islam
major world religion that emphasizes monotheism, the unity of God ('Allah' in Arabic)
Root word of Islam
"surrender" or "submission"
What type of religion is Islam?
Abrahamic religious tradition
3 Abrahamic religions
1) Judaism
2) Christianity
3) Islam
How are Abraham, Moses, and Jesus viewed in Islam?
simultaneously prophets and Jenuine Muslims who submitted to God's will
Allah
Arabic word for God
4 beliefs that Islam holds about god
1) God is the creator and sustainer of the universe
2) God is everywhere, all-powerful, knowing, loving and merciful
3) God gives and takes life
4) God is Judge determines whether a person goes to heaven and hell
4 foundations
1) Qur'an- Bible
2) Prophet Muhammad
3) Primary teachings
4) Ummah- community
Qur'an
gods final revelation (superseding the Jewish and Christian bibles)
Shari'ah
law of Islam
- based on the Qur'an, Sunnah, and Hadith
Sunnah
- body of traditional customs and practices of Muhammad that - models for observant Muslims
- shared through the oral tradition
Hafiz
Muslim who has memorized the Qur'an
Mosques
buildings for personal and Communal Islamic prayer and worship
What else are mosques used for?
weddings and meetings
Iman
mosque leader chosen for his knowledge of Islam and his holiness
- the spiritual leader of the line Ali
Why are people hesitant to translate the Qur'an into other languages?
they wanted to keep the exact words of Allah to stay unchanged
meaning of the word Muslim
"one who submits"
Who is Muhammad
- Most perfect human {not god}
- Marries a regular human (Khadija)
Why might Muhammad be referred to as "Seal of the Prophets" and final messenger of God?
Muhhamad was the last person to get a message from god, In a cave where he was praying, Jibril (Gabrial) the Angel told him to teach people what God wanted them to learn and memorize that, eventually wrote down (Qur'an).
Why do Muslims not consider Muhammad the founder of Islam?
because Islam existed since the time of Adam, Muhammad wasn't alive then
Gabriel
an archangel with the power to announce God's will to mankind visited Muhammad with Allah's instructions
Hadith
collections of the sayings and actions of Muhammad and his companions
Who was the first convert?
Muhammad's wife
What must someone do to be considered an ummah
state the Shahadah as a sign of belief and submission to Allah
Shi'ah
- Smaller of the 2 branches of Islam
Sunni
- larger of the two main branches of Islam
- accepts the legitimacy of the leadership of all four caliphs of Islam as successors of Muhammad
What is the difference between Shi'ah and Sunni Muslims?
they believe different people should succeed Muhammad
Ali
Muhammad's cousin/son-in-law who is believed by Shi'ah as the rightful successor to Muhammad
Caliphs
Islamic Temporal and spiritual leaders regarded by Sunni Muslims as successors of Muhammad
Ka'bah
Islamic shrine
- Muslims believe Abraham rebuilt it in Mecca where Adam had originally built it
- reclaimed and purified by Muhammad when he captured Mecca in the seventh century
- Currently enclosed within the great mosque of Mecca
5 pillars of Islam
1) Shahadah (Profession of faith)
2) Salah (Prayer)
3) Zakah (Almsgiving, giving to the poor)
4) Sawm (Fasting)
5) Hajj (Pilgrimage)
Shahadah
- 1st pillar
- Most important
- faith in god
- only one god-Allah
Ramadan
- Ninth month on the Islamic calendar
- month of prayer and fasting
- commemorates the Night of Power (first revolution to Muhammad by god)
What is Islam's holiest city?
Mecca, Saudi Aradia
What is Mecca a symbol for?
a symbol of Muslim's faith in the one god Allah and god's faithfulness to the convent and people within
Medina
- 2nd holiest city
- <300 miles from Mecca
- Muhammad migrated there
Jerusalem
- Holy for Muslims, Christians, and Jews
- Muhammad made his "Night Jurney" there
Karbala
- In Iraq
- site of the killing of Husayn (grandson of Muhammad) and his family
Ka'ba
a stone building at the center of Islam's most important mosque and holiest site
Jihad
Arabic word for struggle
3 ways the Jihad can be understood/interpreted
- Personally: spiritual struggle
- Socially: expansion
- Controversially: armed struggle
Controversy facing women in Islam
- divorce
- Polygamy (one or more wives
- wearing the veil
How many times a day do Muslims pray?
5 times
- Fajr: Dawn
- Dhuhr: Afternoon
- Asr: Late afternoon
- Maghrib: After sunset
- Isha: Nighttime