Biology
What does SNR GERMS stand for
Specific organisation, nutrition, respiration, growth, excretion, reporduction, movement, sensitivity
What are the 6 kingoms
bacteria, archea, protists, plants, fungi, animals
What does DKPCOFGS mean
Domain, kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, species
What is the word equation for celluar respiration
Glucose + oxygen= water + carbon dioxide + energy
What is an organisim
An organism is a living thing that is made up of cells, it can be multi-celluar which is an organism made up of many germs/cells or unicelluar that is only made up of one cell e.g. bacteria
What does prokaryotic mean
Prokaryotic cells don't contain a true nucleas, membrane bound organelles or linear DNA
What does eukaryotic mean
Eukaryotic cells contain a true nucleas, membrane bound organelles and linear DNA
What does unicelluar mean
Some organisms are only made up of one cell e.g. bacteria
What does multicelluar mean
Some organisms are composed of many cells
Define the term species
a group of living organisms consisting of similar individuals capable of exchanging genes or interbreeding
What parts make up the female part of the flower (Pistil)
Stigma, style, Ovary
What parts make up the male organs of the flower (Stamen)
Anther, Filament
What does the stigma do?
Stigma is sticky for pollen on insects to stick to flower to pollinate
What does the style do
The style has pollen tubes that sperm cells from the pollen to the egg
What does the ovary do
Ovary contains eggs that gets fertilized, and the eggs develop into seed and the ovary develops into a fruit
What does the anther do?
Anther is the part of the stamen that produces pollen
What does the filament do
Filament is the thin stalk that supports the anther
What is a petal
Petal is the part that is bright that attracts pollinators
What is the ovule
Ovule is the organ that forms seeds in flowering plants
What is a sepal
Sepal is the part that protects the flower while it is still a bud
What is a receptable
Receptacle is the part of the flower stalk where the parts of the flower are attached
What is a peduncle
Peduncle is the stalk that joins the base to the flowers and fruits
Define the term plant and animal cells
Plant cells have chloroplasts, cell walls and large vacuoles while animal cells have no cell wall or chloroplasts and small or non-existent vacuoles
What is a cell wall
Cell wall is a relatively rigid area that is present outside the cell membrane. It gives cells its shape and is made by the cytoplasm
Define the term chloroplasts
Chloroplasts are in plants that use photosynthesis to gain energy
Define the term nucleas
Nucleus contains DNA which are ‘instructions for living’ – it acts as a control centre
Define the term ribosomes
Ribosomes synthesise proteins from the instructions in genes
Define the term cytoplasm
Cytoplasm is a jelly like material that keeps everything in place
Define the term mitochondria
Mitochondria is a double membrane that is responsible for cellular respiration
Define the term vacuoles
Vacuoles are storage for a cell, containing water, waste and other dissolved substances
What is a cell membrane
Cell membrane is a thin boundary that acts as a permeable barrier that controls movement of substances in and out of the cell
What are the two pieces of the microscope that you can look through and what do they mean
At the top of the microscope there are two eyepieces, or ocular lenses, which the observer looks through to see the image in the microscope
What does the low power objective do
The low power objective lens magnifies the image 10x, gives low magnification
What does the high power objective lens do
The high-power objective lens magnifies the image 40x, gives high magnification.
What is the revolving nose-peice
The objective lenses and the magnification of the image can be changed by moving the revolving nosepiece.
What is a stage clip and mechanical stage
The slide is held firmly in place by the stage clips. On some microscopes the slide can be moved around using the mechanical stage.
What is the small knob and the large knob called and what do they do
The large knob is the coarse focus knob and can be used to bring the specimen into focus. The smaller knob is the fine focus knob and can be used to make small focus adjustments.
What is the light adjusment dial and the stage and what do they do
The amount of light is controlled by the light adjustment dial. The light travels through the hole in the stage, which is the platform on which the slide of the specimen is placed.
What does a microscope do?
A microscope magnifies, turns the specimen upside down and back to front
How do you calculate to total magnification
Multiply the objective lens power by the ocular lens power to calculate the total magnification
Name all the parts of the microscope
Eye piece, revolving nose piece, Objective, stage, coarse knob, fine focus knob, light and light adjustemnt dial
Name all the parts of a flower
Anther, stigma, peduncle, receptable, stamen, pistil, ovule, ovary, sepal and style