psych multi-choice stuff
Self-serving bias
only seeing yourself in the positive light
confirmation bias
Only searching for information that confirms an individual's biased opinion, and never searching for information against it.
Verbal cues examples
politeness, cursing, nice, mean
Paralingustic cues
Tone, volume, speed
Non-verbal cues
Hand gestures, nodding, eye contact
Intrinsic motivation
Doing something because we simply enjoy it
Continuum of consciousness
1. Focused
2. Divided attention
3. Day-dreaming
4. Sleeping
5. Anaethetized
6. Coma
IV
x-axis, subject which changes
DV
y-axis,, what's being measured
p-value
lower than 0.05 is significant
r-value
strength of the relationship,, positive or negative
experimental data
comparison of two different conditions
correlational data
comparison of two different variables
perception defined
the process where information from senses is recognized and collected into the brain
zimbardo experiment findings...
people easily conform to social roles
8 primary emotions by plutchick
sad, angry, joy, fear, disgust, surprised, anticipation, acceptance
selective attention defined
focusing on a specific stimuli in a group of stimuli.
timing for macro in lying
occurs from 1/2 - 4 seconds
micro timing in lying
occurs within 1/2 second
REM occurance
occurs in sections.. down and back up then down again
implicit attutude
when hidden attitudes are revealed unknowingly
explicit attitudes
self-reported attitudes that are expressed when someone's fully aware of what they're saying
Lying occurs the most during...
facetime because gestures aren't shown
Audience impact on performance
Task someone's confident in: positive
Task someone's unfamiliar with: negative
case study defined
a process of study for a person or group.
Absolute threshold defined
minimum amount of energy needed to recognise stimuli
ABC model
affective = how we feel
behavioural = how we behave to stimuli
cognitive = how we think about stimuli
reciprocity defined
how we respond to an action by someone else
evolutionary of sleep
people only slept at night to hide from predators and to conserve energy.
criticisms for evolutionary sleep
1. more vulnerable at night because we lost our vision
memory consolidation defined
brain organizes short-term memory to long-term memory
restorative sleep defined
conserve energy for the next day, and process information of what happened during the day before
stereotypes defined
certain belief about a small community in a larger community
Two factor theory
Physiological arousal and cognitive appraisal happen at the same time, which creates a subjective experience.
Cognitive dissonance removal
change cognition,, add congnition,, stop behaviour
States of high arousal
High heart rate, increase in blood pressure, sweating
How lying triggers physiological arousal and autonomic nervous system
Lying makes us feel a sense of danger and fear of whether the truth will be revealed. Therefore, we go into fight or flight mode which is the sympathetic part of our autonomic nervous system.
SENSATION and PERCEPTION
1. reception - Light waves hit retina
2. transduction - Light energy converted to neural energy in rods and cons via reptor cells
3. transmission - Information sent to primary visual cortex in the occipital lobe
4. selection - feature detectors select what information is going to be focused
5. organisation - visual corte re-organises everything in the brain to make sense of the new information
6. interpretation - meaning based on memories and stored information
Examples for cognitive dissonance
Guilty feeling for smoking