Biology - Love Matters
How many parents are needed for reproduction?
2
What is the male gamete?
Sperm
What is the female gamete?
Egg
What is the oviduct?
A tube that the egg passes through to get to the uterus
What happens in the oviduct?
Fertilization
What does the ovary produce?
Eggs and sex hormones
What does the uterus have?
A thick muscular wall
What happens in the uterus?
The baby develops
What is the vagina?
A tube connecting the uterus to the outside of the body
Where does the sperm go after ejaculation?
The vagina
What happens in the vagina?
The baby passes through it while being born
When does the period occur in the menstrual cycle?
The first five days
What happens while the period occurs?
The uterus lining is shed
What happens in days 6-12?
The uterus lining repairs and is ready for a new egg
New egg is developed in the ovary
What day is fertilization most likely to occur?
Day 14
What happens at the end of the cycle?
Uterus lining breaks down
What does the bladder do?
Stores urine
What does the sperm duct do?
Carries sperm from the testes to the urethra
What does the urethra do?
Carries sperm outside of the body
What does the penis do?
Puts sperm into the vagina
What happens to the penis during intercourse?
An erection
What does the testis produce?
Sperm and sex hormones
What is the scrotum?
A bag of skin containing the testes
What does the scrotum do?
Keeps the testes the right temperature for sperm production
What happens if an egg is in the oviduct?
The sperm and egg join and form a zygote
What happens to the zygote during implantation?
It splits into a ball of cells and implants into the uterus lining
How long does pregnancy last?
40 weeks (9 months)
What does the umbilical cord do?
Connects the foetus to the placenta
What does the umbilical cord form after birth?
The navel (belly button)
Describe the placenta
Plate shaped in the uterus wall
What happens in the placenta?
Food and oxygen pass from the mothers blood into the foetus' blood
Waste passes from the foetus' blood into the mothers blood
What risks can happen in the placenta?
Alcohol, nicotine and some viruses can pass from the mother to the foetus
What is the amnion?
A thick skin surrounding the foetus
What does the amniotic fluid do?
Cushions the foetus and keeps its temperature correct
What is the cervix?
The neck of the uterus
What happens before birth?
The amnion breaks, releasing amniotic fluid
What pushes the baby through the vagina?
Strong muscular contractions
What is the delivery of the placenta refered to as?
Afterbirth
What and how does the mother feed the baby after birth?
Milk through the mammory glands
What is contraception?
Preventing pregnancy by either preventing fertilization or preventing implantation
Describe what a condom does
Traps the sperm and kills them with spermicide
How effective is a condom?
98%
What does the pill contain?
Hormones to prevent ovulation
How effective is the pill?
99%
How can the pill become most effective?
If taken routinely
Why does the pill need to be prescribed?
Because there is a small risk of it causing blood clots, which can lead to a heart attack or a stroke
What reasons other than fertility can the pill be prescribed for?
Easing periods and redusing PMS
What does the morning-after pill do?
Prevents implantation, not fertilization
What is an STI?
An infection passed from one partner to another during sexual contact
What are STI's caused by?
Bacteria
Fungi
Viruses
What are the symptoms of Chlamydia?
No symptoms
Pain when urinating
Unusual discharge
What are the symptoms of Genital Warts?
Painless lumps around genitals
Itching or bleeding from genitals
What are the symptoms of Genital Herpes
Small blisters that burst and leave open sores
Burning or itching around genitals
What are the symptoms of Gonorrhea
No symptoms
Pain when urinating
Unusual discharge
What are the symptoms of HIV / AIDS
No symptoms (HIV)
Lies dormant
When it wakes up, destroys white blood cells leaving you open to diseases
Fatal
How do you avoid an STI?
Less sexual partners
Always use a condom
Know your partners sexual history