Medical terminology - respiratory system
is responsible for the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide
respiratory system
is essential for life
oxygen
waste product of gas exchange
carbon dioxide
its the process in which oxygen enriched air are carried from the atmosphere to the lungs, and the carbon dioxide are released in the atmosphere
breathing/ventilation
what does breathing regulates in the body
acidity/alkalinity of the blood
stable internal environment of the body
homeostasis
tasteless, colorless, odorless gas exchange produced by body cells during metabolism
carbon dioxide
tough, elastic connective tissue that is more rigid than ligaments but less dense than bone
cartilage
minute, hairlike structures than extend from the surface of a cell
cilia
its when the cilia in the trachea moves particles upward to the pharynx
cilia escalator
to move or spread out a substance at random, rather than by chemical reaction or application of external forces
diffuse
tasteless, odorless, colorless gas essential for human respiration
oxygen
symbol that indicates the degree of acidity or alkalinity of a substance
pH
is acid less than 7 or more than 7?
less than 7
alkaline is more than 7, 7 is neutral, and less than 7 is acid. True or false?
true
thin layer of tissue that covers internal body cavities and secretes a fluid that keeps the membrane moist
serous membrane/serosa
ser
serum
a chamber lined with mucous membrane and tiny hairs
nasal cavity
vertical partition that divides the nasal cavity into left and right sides
nasal septum
are receptors for the sense of smell
olfactory neurons
a muscular tube that serves as a passageway for food and air
pharynx/throat
three sections of pharynx
nasopharynx
oropharynx
laryngopharynx
section of the pharynx that is posterior to the nose
nasopharynx
section of the pharynx posterior to the mouth
oropharynx
section of the pharynx superior to the larynx
laryngopharynx
collection of lymphoid tissue
adenoids
protects the opening of the respiratory tract from microscopic organisms that may attempt to enter the route
palatine tonsils/tonsils
structures that makes vocal sounds
larynx/voice box
leaf shaped structure on top of the larynx, seals the passage to the lungs during swallowing
epiglottis
what joins the pharynx ith the trachea
larynx
is composed of smooth muscle with C-shaped rings of cartilage
trachea
2 branches in the trachea
bronchi
the bronchi leads to the left and right lungs, respectively. True or false
true
smaller branches orf bronchus
bronchioles
are tiny air sacs at the end of the bronchioles
alveoli
like a small balloon. it expands and contracts as air passes
alveolus
lies next to the thin tissue membranes of the alveoli
pulmonary capillaries
the lungs are divided into 3 lobes. True or false?
false. the right lung are three lobes; the left lung are two lobes
the space between the left and right lung
mediastinum
contains the heart, aorta, esophagus, and bronchi
mediastinum
serous membrane that covers the lobes of the lungs and folds on the walls of the thoracic cavity.
pleura
membrane lying closest to the lung
visceral pleura
membrane that lines the thoracic cavity
parietal pleura
space between visceral and parietal pleura
pleural cavity
contains lubricating fluid allowing both pleura to slide over each other
pleural cavity
large muscular partition between the chest and abdominal cavity
diaphragm
inspiration or expiration: diaphragm contracts allowing air into the lungs
inspiration
inspiration or expiration, diaphragm relaxes and air leaves the lungs
expiration
assists the diaphragm in changing the volume of the thoracic cavity and elevating or lowering the ribcage
intercostal muscle
is the process by which oxygen is taken from air and carried to body cells to be used. carbon dioxide and water are carried to the lungs and returned to the environment.
pulmonary respiration
a largely involuntary action that moves air in and out of the lungs depending to the oxygen and carbon dioxide changes in the blood
pulmonary ventilation/breathing
exchange of O2 and CO2 between the alveoli and the blood
external respiration
movement of O2 to body cells aand CO2 to the lungs
transport of respiratory gases
exchange of O2 and CO2 between body cells and blood in systemic capillaries
internal respiration
nas/o
nose
rhin/o
nose
nasal
pertaining to the nose
rhinoplasty
surgical repair of the nose
sept/o
septum
septoplasty
surgical repair of the septum
sinus/o
sinus or cavity
sinusotomy
incision in the sinus
pharyng/o
pharynx or throat
pharyngoscope
instrument for examining the pharynx
adenoids
adenoid/o
adenoidectomy
excision or removal of adenoids
tonsill/o
tonsils
peritonsillar
pertaining to around the tonsils
epiglott/o
epiglottis
epiglottitis
inflammation of the epiglottis
laryng/o
larynx or voice box
laryngoplegia
paralysis
trache/o
trachea/windpipe
tracheoplasty
surgical repair of the trachea
bronchi/o
bronchus or bronchi
bronchiectasis
dilation or expansion of the brochus
bronch/o
bronchus
bronchoscope
instrument for examining the bronchus
bronchiol/o
bronchiole
bronchiolitis
inflammation of the bronchiole
alveol/o
alveolus or air sac
alveolar
pertaining to
pleur/o
pleura
pleuroscopy
visual examination of the pleura
pneum/o
air or lung
pneumon/o
air or lung
pneumolith
stone in the lung
pneumonia
condition of the lungs
pulmon/o
lung
pulmonologist
specialist in the study of the lungs
anthrac/o
coal or coal dust
anthracosis
abnormal condition in which there is an increase of carbon or coal
atel/o
incomplete or imperfect
atelectasis or collapsed lung
incomplete dilation or expansion
coni/o
dust
pneumoconiosis
is an abnormal condition or increase of dust particle in the lung
cyan/o
blue
cyanosis
abnormal condition in which structures turns blue dues to lack of oxygen
lob/o
lobe
lobectomy
excision of the lobe