Java 2 chapter 8
array
a named list of data items that all have the same type.
element
one variable or object in an array.
subscript
an integer (contained within square brackets in Java) that indicates one of an array’s variables, or elements.
index
a subscript.
populating an array
the act of providing values for all of the elements in an array.
out of bounds
describes a subscript that is not within the allowed range for an array.
initialization list
a series of values provided for an array when it is declared.
enhanced for loop
a language construct that cycles through an array without specifying the starting and ending points for the loop control variable.
foreach loop
the enhanced for loop.
flag
a variable that holds a value (often true or false) to indicate whether some condition has been met.
searching an array
the process of comparing a value to a list of values in an array, looking for a match.
range match
the process of comparing a value to the endpoints of numerical ranges to find a category to which the value belongs.
parallel array
an array with the same number of elements as another, and for which the values in corresponding elements are related.
passed by value
describes what happens when a variable is passed to a method and a copy is made in the receiving method. Contrast with passed by reference.
passed by reference
escribes what happens when a reference (address) is passed to a method. Contrast with passed by value.
descending order
the order of objects arranged from highest to lowest value. See also ascending order.
ascending order
the order of objects arranged from lowest to highest value. See also descending order.
bubble sort
a type of sort that operates by comparing pairs of items and swapping them if they are out of order so that the smallest items “bubble” to the top of the list, eventually creating a sorted list.
algorithm
a process or set of steps that solves a problem.
Sorting
the process of arranging a series of objects in some logical order.
insertion sort
a sorting algorithm that operates by comparing each list element with earlier ones and, if the element is out of order, opening a spot for it by moving all subsequent elements down the list.
one-dimensional array
an array that contains one column of values and whose elements are accessed using a single subscript. See also single-dimensional array.
single-dimensional array
an array that contains one column of values and whose elements are accessed using a single subscript. See also one-dimensional array.
table
a two-dimensional array; a matrix.
two-dimensional array
an array that contains two or more columns of values and whose elements are accessed using multiple subscripts. Contrast with one-dimensional array.
matrix
a two-dimensional array.
jagged array
a two-dimensional array that has rows of different lengths. See also ragged array.
Arrays class
a built-in Java class that provides methods for manipulating arrays.
dummy values
values the user enters that are not “real” data, but just signals to stop data entry.
ragged array
a two-dimensional array that has rows of different lengths. See also jagged array.
multidimensional array
an array that contains two or more dimensions.
enumerated data type
a programmer-created data type with a fixed set of values.
enum constants
the allowed values for an enumerated data type
Type-safe
describes a data type for which only appropriate behaviors are allowed.
enum
the keyword used to create an enumerated data type.