Plant Physiology Biology 25IB Notes
What are the primary organ of photosynthesis
Leaves
What is the formula for photosynthesis
6CO2 + 6H2O -> C6H12O6 + 6O2
What are the parts of leaf anatomy
cuticle
upper epidermis
palisade mesophyll
spongy mesophyll
(vascular bundle - xylem and phloem)
lower epidermis
guard cells and stoma
cuticle
What are the function of the stomata
Gas exchange
Explain the process of gas exchange
concentration of water within the guard cell changes in order to open and close the stomata opening
When water concentration is high, guard cells are stiff and stomata are open
When water concentration is low, guard cells are flaccid and stomata are closed
What is the problem with gas exchange
when the stomata are open and co2 and o2 can enter and leave, water will also transpire out of the plant
Plants have adapted to this by being able to change the size of the stomata and control water loss when needed
how do guard cells gain water?
accumulation of K+ ions
where are most stomata found?
underside of the leaf
what are the definitions of isotonic, hypertonic, and hypotonic?
isotonic - both solutions have the same amount of solution that are able to flow freely between membranes with no change
hypertonic - a solution that has a higher concentration of solute (compared to another) and therefore lower water concentration
hypotonic - a solution that has a lower concentration of solute and therefore higher water concentration
In what direction does water move?
from high to low concentrations of water or low to high concentrations of solute (same thing)