B2 Enzyme
What Is A Catalyst
A substance which increases the speed of a reaction without being changed or used up in the reaction
What Is An Enzyme Made Up Of
An enzyme is a special type of catalyst that is made by a living organism. We sometimes call them biological catalysts. Enzymes are large proteins, so made from a long chain of amino acids.
How Does An Enzyme Work
The substrate has to fit / complimentary into it s active site
Give two reasons why we can't just make our cells even warmer to increase the rate of reactions?
! Heating our cells more would require a lot of energy
! Higher temperatures could damage our cells
! Higher temperatures would also speed up non-useful reactions
In order for an enzyme to catalyse a reaction
the active site of the enzyme must be complimentary to the substrate.
What Happens If The Tempreture Is Too Hot
The bonds holding the enzyme together break
, the shape of the enzymes active site changes so the substrate will not fit anymore
, the enzyme will be denatured
What Is The Optimum Tempreture
The temperature at which enzyme activity is highest
What Happens If The Enzyme Has A Bad Ph
The ph interferes with the bonds holding the enzyme together
this changes the shape of the active site and denatures the enzyme
Explain how increasing the temperature can cause an enzyme to denature
! High temperatures start to break the bonds holding the enzyme together
! This causes the enzyme and it's active site to change shape
! This means the enzymes active site will no longer be complementary to the substrate
What Is Starch Broken Down By
Starch is broken down by the enzyme amylase into maltose molecules. These are then broken down further by maltase into glucose.
What Is Protien Broken Down By
Proteins are broken down by a group of enzymes called proteases into individual monomers called amino acids.