sem 1 exam history
when did the renaissance take place?
14th-17th centuries
What is fresco?
a style of painting
who is considered the father of humanism?
francesco petrarch
what did philosophy emphasize?
focusing on your autonomous self
what focused on the renaissances rebirth?
education, art, and values
what country did the renaissance originate from?
italy
what is the birthplace if the renaissance
florence
what 2 families riled in renaissance-era Milan?
visconti and sforza
what italian state was ruled by a hereditary monarch?
naples
what work is machiavelli most known for?
the prince
where is the kingdom of naples located?
southern italy
what family dominated florence?
medici
what was the leader of venice called?
doge
what is the central thesis in "the prince"?
how to get and keep political power
t/f the advances in weapons were responsible for destroying native americans
false
what was the exchange of resources, plants, animals, and diesease called
columbian exchange
who conquered the incas?
hernan cortez
the process of owning land in latin american colonies was called
ecomienda
the triangular trade was between what 3 countries?
africa,europe, and the americas
who traveled to china and introduced europe to asian trade?
marco polo
what was the middle passage
the forced voyage of enslaved africans across the atlantic
what ended the 30 yrs war
peace of westphalia
what ruler was the greatest supporter of militant catholicism
philip II
who was russias first czar
ivan the terrible
what brought an end to the artistic renaissance
mannerism
who considered a master of the english language
shakespeare
what did cromwell make a part of his rule
military dictatorship
where did the 30 yrs war take place
germany
how long was the" french wars of religion"
36yrs
the edict of nantes allowed protestants to what?
worship freely
the tudor family dynasty followed what other families rule?
stuart
who argued that government existed to protect natural rights
john locke
where did peter the great recieve his inspiration from
the west
what characterized baroque style art and music
enticing feeling
where was the Louis XIV's royal court established
Versailles
who thought rules required power to preserve society
john locke
englands transition to a constitutional monarchy was called what
the glorious revolution
after cromwells death, who did the nobles invute to invade england
william of orange
what was passed to give england its first constitutional monarchy
petition of rights
who took over the parliament after englands civil war
oliver cromwell
who wrote don quixote
cervantes
during englands civil war, the royalists were called
cavaliers
during englands civil war, the parliment was called
roundheads
what did the parliament try to pass to place limits on the kings authority
bill of rights
what is considered the final battle of the american revolution
yorktown
on july 4th, what yr was the declaration of independence approved
1776
what 2 nations were involved in the civil war
austria and prussia
who developed laissez-faire
adam smith
who developed the scientific method
francis bacon
who found modern chemistry
antoine lavoisier
what myth did galileos discoveries destroy
celestial bodies were just spheres of light in the sky
who created the heliocentric model of the universe
copernicus
what was seen as a key to navigation, military science, and geography
mathmatics
what invention spread ideas quickly
printing press
what 2 inventions made scientific discoveries possible
telescope and microscope
the potolmaic system offered what model of the universe?
geocentric
what was kelpers contribution to astronomy
elliptic orbit
who discovered the laws of gravitation
newton
who made the phrase "i think therefore i am"
rene descartes
who was not an important philosopher in the first half of the 18th century
newton
who wrote the social contract
john locke
what gave the lands of canada and the lands of the east mississippi river to great britain
treaty of paris
the first 10 amendments of the constitution is called
bill of rights
what was the first form of US government called
articles of confederation
what caused the french revolution
impending bankruptcy
widespread panic of revolt was called
the great fear
the sans culottes was?
a revolutionist against the king
who ruled over the committee of public safety
maximilen
what was the original thought of liberalism
minimal government involvement
where was napoleon bonaparte the second time
st helena
who was made king after napoleon
louis xvii
when was the stormimg of bastille
july 14th, 1789
what did the national assembly publish in 1789
declaration of the rights of a man and of the citizen
how many people were killed in the reign of terror
40,000
where was napoleon the first time
elba
where did napoleons defeat take place
waterloo
what was the goal of the congress of veinna
to establish a balance of power
what is an entrepreneur
finds business opportunities and ways to make money
what was the goal of the frankfurt assembly
to prepare for a unified germany
what 2 countries started the crimean war
great britain and france
what were peninsulares
native officials in latin america
what declared that the americas were off limits to any european colinization or interaction
monroe doctrine
t/f romanticism and realism are very different
true
what did romanticism emphasize
individualism
miguel hidalgo is the hero of what?
mexican independance
who was named kaiser if the german empire
william I
how did the austrian empire respond to revolts
military strength
what method was used when electing the second republic in france
universal male sufferage
when charles x was overthrown in 1830, what tyoe of government was established
constitutional monarchy
a method of production in which tasks are done in their homes is called
cottage industry
where did the industrial revolution begin
great britain