anatomy final
what are the steps in simple fracture repair
hematoma: blood clot
internal and external calli: phagocytes clear debris, callus repairs tissue and forms hyaline
cartilage replaces trabeculae: osteoclasts remove dead bone
remodelling: compact bone laid down to remake walls
synarthrosis joint
immovable (ex: skull suture)
all synovial joints are considered:
diarthrosis
_____ muscle is long, citrated and aids in voluntary movement
skeletal
cardiac muscle contains:
intercalated discs
what muscle has gap junctions and is involuntary
smooth
gross anatomy of skeletal muscle (superficial to deep)
fascia-epimysium-perimysium-fasicle-endomysium-muscle cell fiber
contraction of filament
- z lines move closer together
- i band gets smaller
-a band stays same
(@ full contraction thin and thick fully overlap)
what is the most superficial muscle of the abdominal wall
external oblique
what part of the abdominal wall gives it the 6 pack look
rectus abdominus
what autonomic NS is fight or flight
sympathetic
______ system has long pre and short post ganglion
parasympathetic
what does the brachiocephalic trunk branch into
right common carotid and right subclavian arteries
the ______ aorta provides oxygenated blood to the lower limbs
abdominal
what artery is where BP is taken
brachial
what artery is your pulse found in
radial artery
what branches from the ascending aorta
left and right coronary artery
the common hepatic artery gives rise to what
proper hepatic artery
visceral branches in the thoracic/descending aorta
pericardial, bronchial, esophageal, mediastinal
intercostal and superior phrenic arteries in the thoracic/descending aorta are:
somatic arteries
which 2 veins merge together to form the brachiocephalic vein
internal jugular and subclavian veins
the external and internal jugular and vertebral veins drain in the:
superior vena cava
the _______ vein is where blood samples are collected from
median cubital
median cubital vein connects the:
basilic and cephalic vein
hepatic vein drains into the
liver
hepatic portal drains into the
gi tract and accessory organs
after a meal, hepatic portal veins are :
rich in nutrients
the 3 bones in the nasal conchae:
increase surface area
respiratory mucosa is made of what epithelium
pseudostratified columnar, ciliated
as the nasopharynx becomes the oropharynx what type of epithelium does it become?
stratified squamous
true or false, alveloi is part of conducting zone
false
what is also known as the adams apple
laryngeal prominence
3 cartilage pieces of the larynx (anterior to inferior)
thyroid, epiglottis, cricoid
how many pieces of C-shaped hyaline cartilage form the trachea
16-20
what forms the fibroelastic membrane of the trachea
trachealis muscle and elastic connective tissue
primary bronchi enter the lungs at the ____
hilum
what branches from the tertiary bronchi
a bronchiole
true or false, there are more than 1000 terminal bronchioles in each lung
true
what is the smallest type of bronchiole
respiratory
alveolar duct is composed of
smooth muscle and connective tissue
function of alveolar pores
connect alveoli and maintain equal air pressure
_____ (blood component) is a complete cell
leukocyte
three branches of the celiac trunk:
Left gastric, splenic, and common hepatic
Which vessel gives rise to a circumflex branch and an anterior interventricular branch?
left coronary artery
_____ divides to give rise to the segmental bronchi
tertiary bronchi
Where within the spinal cord do the cell bodies of preganglionic sympathetic neurons originate?
lateral horns of the thoracic and lumbar spinal cord
meninges mater from superior to inferior
dura, arachnoid, pia
Which one of the following is found between the dura mater and the arachnoid mater?
subdural space
what matter contains mylenated axons and columns
white matter
parasympathetic system consists of this reigon:
craniosacral (S2-S4)
the _____ produces sound within the larynx
vocal cords
what side of the lungs contains 3 lobes
right
plasma makes up 46-63% of the bloods volume. what is plasma made up of?
water, protein, and nutrients
the buffy coat contains:
WBC and platelets
this section of blood consists of RBC
hematocrit
dorsal horns receive:
somatic and visceral sensory input
gray commissure (crossbar) is found in
gray matter
The central sulcus divides which two lobes of the cerebrum?
frontal and parietal lobe
2 types of pleura
parietal (external) and visceral (internal)
the right atrioventricular valve is also known as
tricuspid
blood flows through what valve from the left atrium to left ventricle
mitral/bicuspid/left atrioventricular valve
what lung is short and wide
right
what cells secrete pleural fluid
mesothelial cells