key knoledge for sociology
According to functionalists, what are the three main functions of schools?
secodary socialisation (primary is by family), to learn specialist skills and lastly to create a bridge between family and adult life
What does Althusser consider to be the main purpose of education, and how is it achieved?
To promote the bourgeoisie ideology, to ensure that the proletariat remain in their place. RSA – teachers that enforce the rules
Why, according to Bowles and Gintis, do white, middle-class pupils do better?
because they pass the hidden curiculem
How might material deprivation hold back educational progress for children even before they start school?
material deprivation is when they dont have the finace for physicall stuff to help them succed like books. and it can happen even before they start school because a lack of nutrisiouse foods causes development to be slower
How could interaction within schools lead to differences in educational achievement?
negative and positive labelling. it majorly affects educational achievement
Give one similarity between neoliberal and functionalist perspectives on education.
they both belive education should raise standerds
What two types of speech code Bernstein distinguish?
restricted (informal) and elaborated (formal, middle-class)
Identify and explain two ways in which peer pressure might hinder the educational progress of boys.
doing good is seen as being a "teachers pet" which is not seen as masculine which makes boys not want to do good
they might also be pressured into skipping and fighting to show their masculinity, which again hinders their progress
What were the three types of school under the tripartite system?
Grammar, technical and secondary modern
Identify and briefly explain an effects of globalisation on the British education system.
Free schools come from Sweden and PISA tests means that the UK competes globally.
Explain what is meant by privatisation and give an example of the privatisation of education.
Making profit as a private company, being more independent and running more like a private business e.g. having a Costa on campus and competing with other schools
Explain what is meant by ‘institutional racism’.
When organisations, such as schools, have policies that give an unfair advantage to POCs/BAMEs
poc - person of colour
bame - black, asian and minority ethnic
Explain one way in which African Caribbean pupils may be disadvantaged by the educational system in Britain.
The curriculum is Eurocentric. E.g. literature is based on white, Anglo-saxon authors, history is from a UK/White perspective
Give one weakness of the Marxist theory of education
It’s deterministic
Briefly define ‘ethnicity’.
Ethnicity = shared culture, ideas and traditions.