genotype
phenotype
used to show the possible genes inherited from two parents
teratogen
O2 and nutrients from mom to fetus; CO2 from fetus to mom
Protective barrier
Stores nutrients and release them when fetus is need of them
blastocyst; develop into the outer chorionic sace surrounding the fetus and the fetal portion of the placenta
blastocyst; develop into the embryo (inner cell mas)
free in pelvic cavity for 2 days then implants itself by attaching to endometrium
day 7-becomes firmly embedded in endometrium; forms new blood vessel; secretes enzymes then burrows into endometrium and comes surrounded by it
15 days after fertilization; 2 layered embryonic disc turns into 3 layers
Gastrulation
gastrulation
establishes the head and tails end of embryo, as well as right and left sides
fucntion is to collect liquid waste from embryo and exchange gases by embryo
genes for the same trait that are in the same locatin of each homoloque
a person with the same allele on homologous chromosome for that certain train; ex PP
a person with different alleles on the chromosome for that certain trait; ex Pp
dominates or masks the presence of another allele
presence is completely masked
situation where neither member of the pair alleles is dominant over the other
a trait is controlled by the combined effects of many genes and enviromnetal factors
23 pairs (46); 22 autsomes,; one pair of sex chromosome
an entire set of chromosomes arranged in decreasing size order and according to the portion of the centromere
baby's brain development; immunity, antibodies, optimal growth, reduction in several diseases
oxytocin stimulates the contraction of cells around structures that produce milk into mammary ducts
three rather than 2 coped of at least a part of chromosome 21 formed
secreted by corpu luteum then later by placenta
relaxin
uterince discharge for 2 to 4 wks after delivery that consist of blood and then the serous fluid from former sire of placenta
secreted by placenta; needed to increase secretion of cortisol, maturation of fetus's lungs and surfactant
amniotic fluid functions
rapid fetal growth, wt of fetus doubles, organ systems fully fuctional
Prostaglandins in sperm
receptor for the sperm; binding cause ascrosomal reaction which causes ascromosal enzymes to be released to digest a path in zona pellucida
decidua
basal decidua
covers the embryo after implantation; becomes thin as embryo and fetus enlarge and then degenerates adn disappears around 27wks
lines that noninvolved areas of the rest of fetus
corpus luteum
begins when contractions occurs in regular intervals
typically 6 to 12 hrs; time from onset to complete dialtion of 10cm; regular contractions;l usually rupturing of sac
from the time of complete dilation to delivery of fetus; 10 mins to several hrs
time after deliver until placenta is expelled
6wks after delivery for maternal reproductive organs and physiology to return to prepregancy state
all major organs develped between 4th thru 8 wks
more accurate fetal age, confirm pregnancy, fetal position, indentifies mutliple pregnancies
perform 14 to 18wks; checks for genetic abnormalties
done to identify the same gentec defects as seen on amniocentesis; can be done at 8 wks and results in days
blood from mother to detect high levels of AFP that indicates neural tube defects such as spina bifida or anencephaly