HGE 1
Ratio of volume of voids and volume of soil.
Porosity
Ratio of volume of voids and volume of soil solids.
Void Ratio
Ratio of volume of water and volume of soil.
None of the Above
Which is true for porosity?
0 < n < 100
0 ≤ n ≤ 100
Which is true for degree of saturation?
0 ≤ S ≤ 100
0 ≤ S ≤ 100
The weight of solids is taken as unity
Mixture of sand, silt, and clay size particles in approximately equal proportions
Principle involved in the relationship between submerged unit weight and saturated unit weight of a soil is:
Archimedes' Principle
What is soil in civil engineering?
The unaggregated and uncemented deposits of minerals and organic particles covering the earth's crust
*The shear strength of a cohesionless soil is:
Proportional to the tangent of the angle of shearing resistance
*The intensity of vertical stress or at a depth due to a point load acting on the surface of a semi infinite elastic soil mass is
Directly proportional to the square of depth
*When the metacenter of a floating body is lower than the center of gravity, then the body will be in
unstable equilibrium
*The metacentric height is the distance between the
center of the gravity of the floating body and the metacenter
*Negative skin friction on piles
all of the above
*Specific weight of liquid
does not vary on any other planet
*In civil engineering, soil is
uncemented aggregate
*The weight per unit volume of a liquid at a standard temperature and pressure is called:
specific weight
A cohesive soil deposit is considered stiff if the unconfined compression strength, in kPa, is between
100 to 200
A cohesive soil deposit is considered soft if the unconfined compression strength, in kPa, is between
25 to 50
cohesive soil deposit is considered very soft if the unconfined compression strength, in kPa, is between
0 to 25
Rise of water table above the ground surface causes:
Equal increase in pore water pressure and total stress
Effective stress on soil:
Decreases both voids ratio and permeability
The coefficient of compressibility of soil, is the ratio of:
Strain to stress
Where is the metacenter for stable equilibrium?
above center of gravity
When the metacenter of a floating body is lower than the center of gravity, then the body will be in
unstable equilibrium
The metacentric height is the distance between the
center of gravity of the floating body and the metacenter
The weight per unit volume of a liquid at a standard temperature and pressure is called:
specific weight
A pressure surge or wave caused when a fluid in motion is forced to stop or change direction suddenly (momentum change) is referred to in hydraulics as:
water hammer
A type of shock where the flow undergoes a sudden transition from swift flow to tranquil flow.
hydraulic jump
A fluid property that measures the fluid's resistance to shear stress.
viscosity
The vena contracta of a circular orifice is approximately __ diameter downstream from the inner face of the orifice plate.
1/2
When the ship's metacenter and center of gravity coincide at same point then the vessel is said to be in:
neutral equilibrium
A force within the surface layer of a liquid that causes the layer to behave as an elastic sheet.
surface tension
In the triaxial test, the deviator stress increases the shear stress on what plane?
All planes except the horizontal and vertical planes
Which of the following tests is not done on a laboratory set up?
Vane shear test
The shear strength of a soil:
All of the above
Minor losses through valves, fittings, bends, contractions etc. are commonly modeled as proportional to:
velocity head
The best hydraulic cross section for a trapezoidal channel of base width b is one for which the length of the side edge of the flow section is:
b
When the path lines of the individual particles of a flowing liquid are irregular curves and continually cross each other and form a complicated network, the flow is called:
turbulent flow
Type of flow where the flow rate does not change over time.
steady flow
Type of flow where the mean velocity of flow for a given length or reach is the same at every cross section.
uniform flow
Uninterrupted flow in a fluid near a solid boundary in which the direction of flow at every point remains constant.
laminar flow
Type of flow where at any time, the discharge or flow rate at every section of the stream is the same.
continuous flow
Type of flow in which, for a fixed rate of flow, the specific energy is minimum.
critical flow
Type of flow in which the density of the fluid is constant from one point to another.
incompressible flow
Type of flow in which the fluid particles rotate about their own axis while flowing along the streamlines.
rotational flow