Week 7- Skin care 2: UV & Pigmentation
Melanocytes, which have been stimulated by sun exposure to the point that the skin is chronically hyperpigmented will always have the tendency to overproduce melanin even when the problem of hyperpigmentation has been corrected because those melanocytes can still be easily stimulated even by heat. (T/F)
True
Chronic sun exposure causes severe hyperpigmentation, especially on the face, neck, hands, and arms in combination with wrinkles, elastosis, actinic keratoses and skin cancers(T/F)
True
The horseshoe pattern of hyper and hypo - pigmentation and telangiectasia around the sides of the neck area referred to as Poikiloderma of Cevattes is a symptom of severe sun damage and is found typically in women who use perfumes and other fragranced cosmetics in the neck area.(T/F)
False
Mottling is the very first sign of sun induced damage contributing to the process of skin aging and can be seen in almost any age group, including young people in their late teens and early twenties.(T/F)
True
Chloasma is often referred to as liver spots and are spots of concentrated melanin product caused by sun damage usually on the face, arms and the hands.(T/F)
True
Mottling, solar lentigines, and poikiloderma of Cevatte are all forms of dyschromias related to the sun(T/F)
True
The term melasma is often used when describing the mask of pregnancy but actually refers to any disorder of Hyperpigmentation. (T/F)
True
Inflammation or irritation such as seen with acne lesions can often cause or aggravate hyperpigmentation particularly in those of colour such as Asians, Hispanics, and blacks.(T/F)
True
Tanning beds and tanning booths:
use a large amount of UVA and a small amount of UVB
UV makes up 78% of the spectrum.(T/F)
False
Exfoliation may not be suitable for all clients being treated for hyperpigmentation because if the exfoliation is overaggressive, stimulation of melanocytes occurs, and the hyperpigmentation can worsen.(T/F)
True
Any form of hyperpigmentation is technically known as melasma, but melasma is a term used by Estheticians to refer to a form of hormonally related hyperpigmentation seen in women.(T/F)
True
Heat can also be a cause of Hyperpigmentation in those whose melanocytes are easily stimulated because of constant/over-exposure to the sun.(T/F)
True
Clients who have a Fitzpatrick IV or V and who pick or scratch at their skin may have problems with splotchy hyperpigmentation due to PIH(T/F)
True
Melasma usually appears on the cheeks, temples and forehead as well as sometimes on the upper lip and can worsen with sun exposure.(T/F)
True
Estheticians must be especially careful of PIH in skin type(s):
IV, V, and VI of the Fitzpatrick scale
Hyperpigmentation can be caused by acne lesions and is known as PIH.(T/F)
True
Which is an exfoliating treatment that can be used by estheticians to aid in hyperpigmentation disorders?
alpha hydroxy acids
Hyperpigmentation problems are most prominent in those with a darker skin colour such as those of Mediterranean, Arabic, African descent, Asians, and Hispanics as their skins produce larger granules of melanin and the melanocytes sit closer to the skins surface and are easier to stimulate.(T/F)
False
Hormone fluctuations, birth control pills, and hormonal therapies can cause, worsen, or sometimes even improve melasma.(T/F)
True
Zinc oxide and titanium dioxide
are examples of reflecting sunscreen ingredients
Use of a 10% alphahydroxy acid (AHA) gel or cream, a sunscreen, and a commitment from the client to stay out of direct sun will produce fairly good treatment results for early sun related hyperpigmentation conditions such as mottling.(T/F)
True
What are the major characteristics used to detect possible melanoma in a lesion?
Asymmetry, border, colour, diameter
Mottling is hyperpigmentation that appears in a large, pronounced patch of various shades brown and black.(T/F)
False
Zinc oxide and titanium dioxide are known as particulate sunscreens as they have absorbing particles that neutralize the UV rays.(T/F)
False
Fitzpatrick I, II, and all type III are most likely to suffer from PIH and other forms of hyperpigmentation(T/F)
False
UVB triggers the melanocytes to produce melanin while UVA oxidizes the melanin turning it darker.(T/F)
True
Melasma or the mask of pregnancy can actually be triggered by pregnancy, birth control pills, and HRT or Hormone Replacement therapy for those in menopause.(T/F)
True
Clients who are being treated for hyperpigmentation must make a strong commitment to avoid any form of direct sun exposure, even if they are wearing a broad-spectrum sunscreen because the heat of the sun can stimulate melanin production.(T/F)
True
The amount of UVB one is exposed to will vary with the seasons, time of day, and latitude also known as the angle of incidence.(T/F)
True
Clients with post inflammatory induced melasma can be treated by the esthetician but they should also be referred to a gynecologist or an endocrinologist in the event there are seriously underlying conditions.(T/F)
False
UVB are the burning rays of the sun that penetrate the epidermis and UVA are the tanning rays or actinic rays that interfere with structures such as collagen in the dermis.(T/F)
True