Architecture
In the pre-colonial era, Filipino architecture was characterized by indigenous practices and materials, primarily focusing on functionality and climate adaptability. (before 1521)
Pre-Colonial Period
This iconic structure is a traditional Filipino stilt house made of lightweight materials like bamboo and nipa. Its elevated floors prevent flooding and because of the airflow, while its slanted thatched roof is designed to cope with tropical rains.
The Bahay Kubo
A royal house of the Maranao people in Mindanao, the Torogan is distinguished by its intricate okir carvings and its unique wing-like roof
The Torogan
The arrival of the Spaniards in 1521 brought a significant transformation in Philippine architecture, blending local and European elements. (1521–1898)
Spanish Colonial Period
One of the most notable is the San Agustin Church in Manila, a UNESCO World Heritage Site. It combines European Baroque styles with local materials and techniques
Baroque Churches
An evolution of the Bahay Kubo, the Bahay na Bato used stone on the lower floors and wood on the upper levels. It had large ventanillas (small windows) for ventilation
Bahay na Bato
The American colonization introduced neoclassical and art deco styles, transforming public architecture in the Philippines. (1898-1946)
American Period
A prime example of neoclassical design, with its symmetrical layout, pillars, and spacious interiors
Manila City Hall
Known for its Art Deco style, the theater features vibrant geometric patterns and stylized decorative motifs.
Metropolitan Theater
Post-independence, Philippine architecture embraced modernism and contemporary styles, with a focus on sustainability and innovative designs (1946-presenr)
Modern and Contemporary Period
Designed by Leandro Locsin, the CCP is a modernist structure with brutalist elements, showcasing the minimalist aesthetics of the 1970s.
Cultural Center of the Philippines
A contemporary green skyscraper in Makati, the Zuellig Building features a glass façade and sustainable design, achieving LEED Gold certification. - indication of projects comprehensive adoption best sustainability practices.
Zuellig Building