history h4
romulus and remus
twin brothers from the myth of the founding of rome
senate
group of wise old men who advised the king and made laws in the republic
republic
form of government without a king or other monarch
consuls
two people ruled the roman republic
dictator
temporary return of a single ruler with all powers of the old king
monoculture
farms that grow one crop, e.g. vineyards
intercropping
using different crops that help each other
punic wars
3 wars between Rome an Carthage
land reform
redistribution of land to make it more equal
optimates
politicians who looked after the interests of the upper class
populares
politicians who aimed to help the lower classes
civil war
when people within a country or empire fight each other
princeps senatus
first senator having the privelege of speaking first in the senate
hillfort
a fortified city on top of a hill
romanisation
process that changed the gauls and other peoples to be more like the romans, adopting or copying the roman way of life
denarius
siver coin made to pay soldiers in the roman army. everybody knews its value
client kingdom
a kingdom that was not ruled directly from rome, but by a king who did what rome wanted
diaspora
living away from the homeland. for the jewish people, living away from israel
jesus christ
a name for jesus of nazareth meaning literally 'jesus the anointed one'
cult
a small sub-religion, or a different form of a religion
gentile
word for a non-jewish people
pope
the leader of the roman catholic church
martyrs
people that die for their faith or beliefs
saints
special persons for the catholic church
constantine the great
emperor who had united the roman empire, first christian emperor
limes
the northern border of the roman empire, with forts and defences
batavians
germanic tribe that was very loyal to rome, living in the empire between the river waal and the river rhine
pax romana
the roman peace
vandals
name of germanic tribe that invaded the roman empire