Bio 112L Respiratory System
External Nares
Primary route for air entering respiratory system through two openings
Nasal Cavity
Airway from the External Nares to the superior part of the pharynx.
Nasal Conchae
Bony shelves that project from the lateral walls of the nasal cavity.
Hard Palate
Formed by Maxilla is the floor of the nasal cavity
Uvula
Hanging off the posterior edge of the Soft Palate
Internal Nares
Two posterior openings if the nasal cavity that connect with superior portion on the pharynx
Pharynx
Divided into three regions, nasopharynx, oropharynx, laropharynx
Nasopharynx
Superior to the soft palate and serves as a passageway for airflow from the nasal cavity
Oropharynx
connected to the oral cavity at an opening called fauces. Contains palatine and lingual tonsils
Larynogopharynx
Is located between the hyoid bone and entrance to the esophagus the muscular tube connecting the oral cavity with the stomach.
Glottis
Is the voice box
Epiglottis
Is a Flap of elastic cartilage that lowers during swallowing to cover the voice box
Trachea
Windpipe tubular structure
Secondary bronchi
Divide into Tertiary bronchi
Bronchioles
Branch into terminal bronchioles
Terminal Bronchioles
Branch into respiratory bronchioles
Respiratory bronchioles
Divide into the narrowest passageway
Alveoli
Lobule made up of numerous tiny air pockets
Tidal Volume
Is the Amount of air an individual inspires and exhales during normal resting breathing. Volume averages 500mL
Inspiratory Reserve Volume
Is the Amount of air that can be forcibly inspired above a normal inhalation. Volume averages 1900mL for females and 3300mL for males.
Expiratory Reserve Volume
Amount of air that can be forcefully exhaled after a normal exhalation. ERV averages 1000mL
Vital Capacity
Is the maximum amount of air that can be exhaled from the lungs after a maximum inhalation. This volume averages 4800mL in men and 3100 in women. Includes combined volumes of IRV, TV, and ERV.
Predicted Vital Capacity
The average Vital Capacity for individuals of your age, height, and gender
Residual Volume
Is the amount of air that cannot be forcefully exhaled from the lungs
Minimal Volume
Is the amount of residual air usually 30 to 120mL that stays in the lungs even if they are collapsed
Total Lung Capacity
The volume of air in the lungs upon the maximum effort of inspiration. Averages 6000mL TLC= VC+RV
Respiratory Rate
Is the number of breaths taken per minute. RR multiplied by tidal volume gives the minute volume
Minute volume
Is the amount of air exchanged between the lungs and the environment in one minute. MV= TV x RR