differential association theory and psychdynamic explain
what is the differential association theory
people learn to be criminals from the environment sutherland suggested
what is differential social organisation
to the extent which the community supports or opposes criminality
what were some of sutherlands key principles
1- criminal behaviour is learnt not inherited
2- criminal behaviour is learnt through association with others
3-association is with either familiy and peer groups
4-criminal behaviour is learnt the same way as other behaviour
eval for differential association theory
s- farrington did a longitutdal study survery of 400+ boys in london at 8-10 years old. By 50 41% had at least one criminal conviction. Most importnat risk factor was parental criminality, supports sutherlands idea that criminality is associated with familiy however culture bias (london)
w- theory is limited as it only explains less erious crimes other than serious ones such as murder. however sutherlands work has moved away from atavistic ideas
what is the maternal deprivation theory
Bowlby suggested that early years was vital to shape adult personality. If a child and their primary caregiver was seperated before 2.5 years it could lead to delinquent behaviour later in life
what is an underdeveloped ego and over developed ego
under- develops at around 4 as an outcome of an unresolved oedipus or electra complex. they are dominated by their id impulses which acts in a selfish way
over-when a child may develop striong indentification with their strict parent. they feel guilt and committing crimes helps them feel better
whats a deviant superego
when an individual indentifies with their same sex parent and adopting similar behaviours as them
eval for psycho explain
w-alpha bias for freud as he assumes women have weaker superegos and exaggerates the difference between the two genders however bowlbys theory has allowed to give advice to people to not seperate children from their caregiver
s-emotional factors is the only factor that is taken into consideration in the psychodynamic approach so it adds validity. however some may expereince problems but not affect them in later life so diathesis stress model is more realistic