respitory system
what needed for gas exchange?
large surface area(alveoli
how do we warm the air?
with our blood !
how do we moisten the air
with mucus
how fo we clean the air
nose hairs(cillia) and mucus
what is the pharynx for?
its the common tube for air and food
what is the epiglottis for?
it prevents food from going into the trachea
what is the larynx
our voice box!
what is the trachea?
its windpipe?
what does the trachea have?
cartilaginous rings for support
what is apart if the upper respitory tract
pharynx, epiglottis, larynx, nasal cavity, oral cavity, nostrils
what is apart of the lower respitory tract
trachea, bronchi, lungs, bronchioles, capillaries, alveoli
what happenes in the capillaries when air goes through
it starts with low O2 and High CO2; as oxygen goes through, by the end the blood should he oxygen rich
what is the diaphragm
its a dme shaped mucle!
what are the intercostal muscles(rib mucles)
its the mucles in between each rib
what happens to the diaphram when we breathe
the diaphragm expands (goes down and outward)
what happens to the diaphragm when we exhale
the diaphragm comes together(goes up and inward)
what does air always do?
it always moves from high to low pressure!
what is the pressure gradient when exhaling
high to low - chest activity to atmostphere
what is the pressure gradient when inhaling
high to low - atmostsphere to chest actuvity
whag can we use ti measure lung capacity
spirigraphy
what is tidal volume
a normal breathe
what is inspitory reserve
extra air we can inhale
what is expitory reserve
extra air we can exhale
what is vital capacity
regular breathe, extra in, extra out
what is residual volume
the remaining gas in the lungs to prevent collaping
what is internal respiration
blood to tissue/organs/mucles
what is external respiration
lungs to blood
O2 always...
goes in!
CO2 always...
GOES OUT
what dies the hemoglobin do?
helps O2 dissolve better in the blood
what do chemoreceptors do?
detect chemical levels! (creates carbonic acid when CO3 dissolves)
what happens when ur pH levels rises
incrwase in breathing rate
what are the 4 types of breathing
breathing, internal respiration, external respiration, cellular respiration
what is breathing
process where air enters and leaves the lungs
celluar respiration is
the production of ATP im body cells