Characteristics and traits that are influenced by recessive genes carried on the sex chromosomes (XX, XY)
Red/Green colour blindness
Haemophilia
Muscular Dystrophy
Traits visible within only one sex.
Used to diagram the inheritance of a trait or condition through multiple generations.
Having three or more variants for the same gene.
Causes multiple genotypes to be expressed simultaneously - contradicting Mendelian Genetics.
Alleles that can cause death or lethal conditions when present in even a single copy, such as cystic fibrosis or sickle-cell anaemia.
One gene that affects multiple characteristics.
A trait that can be influenced by multiple genes and environment.
A trait influenced by a single gene with two alleles.
A change in the DNA sequence of an organism.
Errors in DNA replication
Exposure to mutagens
Exposure to a viral infection
Germline
Somatic
Chromosomal
Gene or Point
Germline mutations
Somatic mutation
Chromosome deletion, duplication, inversion or translation caused by a separation failure during meiosis. It affects many genes, causing conditions like Down's Syndrome, and Turner's Syndrome.
Most common kind of mutation caused by the change of a single nucleotide in the DNA sequence through addition, deletion or alteration.