Week 8- Skin Care2: Treating Hyperpigmentation
To accelerate the lightening process, physicians often use hydroquinone in combination with
Tretinoin
UVB are the burning rays of the sun and UVA are the tanning rays that damage structures in the dermis.(T/F)
True
Hydroquinone and Hydrocortisone are the only FDA approved agents to treat Hyperpigmentation.(T/F)
False
Clients with darker skins are more likely to be slow to respond to treatments for hyperpigmentation.(T/F)
True
Exfoliating treatments are the key treatment for hyperpigmentation because getting rid of stained surface cells and cell buildup fades existing hyperpigmentation and makes melanin suppressive products absorb better.(T/F)
True
SPF ingredients in a sun protection product affect the UVA rays only(T/F)
False
How often should clients use an OTC Hydroxy Acid or other exfoliating agent on their hyperpigmentation problem areas?
twice Daily
Brightening agents interfere with the production of tyrosinase.(T/F)
True
Which combination of ingredients both work to combat hyperpigmentation by inhibiting tyrosinase activity
Licorice root extract and Arbutin
An advantage of a chemical sunscreen is that they cannot be seen on the skin; however, two disadvantages include that they are more likely to irritate the skin and that they produce heat while absorbing UV rays.(T/F)
True
While Hydoxy acids speed the process of treating Hyperpigmentation, the Hydroxy acids do not treat or inhibit the pigmentation process; they simply remove keratinocytes that already contain melanin and makes the melanin suppressive products absorb better.(T/F)
True
In those suffering from PIH, exfoliation may be of a concern when treating their hyperpigmentation because if the exfoliation is too aggressive, stimulation of melanocytes occurs, and the hyperpigmentation can worsen. In this case Azaelic acid could be considered a good choice because in addition to being a keratolytic agent and a tyrosinase inhibitor, it is good for those suffering from PIH.(T/F)
True
What is the maximum concentration of hydroquinone in over-the-counter formulations?
2%
Ingredients that have a similar lightening effect as hydroquinone but frequently come from plant extracts and are not FDA/Health Canada drugs are known as brighteners.(T/F)
True
As part of the homecare treatment for Hyperpigmentation, a client should use a hydroquinone cream in a concentration of 10% every day to help remove stained cells.(T/F)
False
The most effective form of lightening & brightening agent is:
Gel
Which of the following is the only agent approved by the FDA/Health Canada for fading melanin?
hydroquinone
Which of the following procedures should be reserved for non-responsive stubborn cases of hyperpigmentation?
Jessner's exfoliations
Treatments for hyperpigmentation should begin with a skin treatment series of Hydroxy acid using a 30 % Hydroxy acid with a pH of no lower than 3.0.(T/F)
True
Non FDA approved lightening agents are called brighteners and include kojic acid, bearberry extract, asafetida extract, forms of Vitamin C, and licorice extract among others.(T/F)
True
In Europe, sunscreens are considered cosmetics and will have a DIN on the label near the list of all active ingredients.(T/F)
False
Sunscreens that have chemical screening agents, tend to absorb the sun’s rays and heat thus preventing the skin from getting too hot. This protects those who melanocytes are easily stimulated by just heat.(T/F)
False
Physicians accelerate the lightening process by using a strong keratolytic agent with a melanin suppressive agent to slow or stop the production of melanin. The prescription ingredients frequently combined are Retin A and hydroquinone – often at 4%.(T/F)
False
Hydroquinone is the only OTC and prescription ingredient approved for skin lightening with 4% in OTC products and up to 6% in prescription products.(T/F)
False
Melanocytes need the amino acid tyrosine in order to make melanin.(T/F)
True
One advantage to using hydroquinone is that it reduces the chances of allergic and irritant reactions in many people.(T/F)
False
Cosmetic brightening agents including kojic acid, azelaic acid, magnesium ascorbyl phosphate, asafetida extract, mulberry extract, bearberry extract, arbutin, and licorice extract work similarly to hydroquinone in their actions on the melanin process; however they cannot make the claim of “lightening” pigmentation from the skin.(T/F)
True
Zinc oxide and titanium dioxide are known as physical or particulate sunscreens as they have absorbing particles that neutralize the UV rays.(T/F)
False