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Chapter 5

What is the myocardium of the heart?

The middle layer of the heart is termed the myocardium and is made up of cardiomyocytes

What do the coronary arteries supply blood to

Provide blood supply to the myocardium

What does your pulmonary arteries do?

Carry deoxygenated blood from the right ventricle to the lungs

What does your pulmonary veins do?

Transfer oxygenated blood from the lungs to the left atria of the heart.

Systemic circulation

The flow of blood of the body EXCEPT the LUNGS

What is the biggest artery of the body

The aorta

What are the largest veins of the body

The vena cava: the superior vena cava and the inferior vena cava

What does an EKG machine do

Records the electrical signals in the heart

P wave

Contraction of the atria

QRS Complex

Contraction of the ventricles
Atria is relaxed while the ventricles contract

T wave

Relaxation of the ventricles

Systolic blood pressure

When ventricle contracts (Systole means contraction)

Diastolic blood pressure

When the ventricle relax ( Diastole means relaxtion)

What does plasma mainly consists of

91% water
9% proteins ( clotting proteins)

Fibrinogen- Clot formation to control bleeding

Serum- Plasma fluid after blood cells and the clotting proteins are removed

Erythrocytes

Red blood cells

Leukocytes

White blood cells

Thrombocytes

Plateles

What is a cardiologist

A doctor whos an expert in the care of your heart and blood vessels.

What is a hermatologist

Doctor who research diagnose and treat blood related conditions and disease

What is Atherosclerosis

A disease of the arteries that reduces blood supply to the heart.

What causes Atherosclerosis?

Hardening of the arteries caused bya buildup of cholesterol plaque on the walls of the artery.

What is Ischemia

An inadequate blood supply to an organ or part of the body, especially the heart muscles

What is angina

Severe chest pain due to inadequate blood flow to the myocardium

What is a myocardial infarction

Another term for heart attack

What is a heart murmur

Abnormal sound heard when listening to the heart. Mostly caused by defective heart valves.

What is Sudden Cardiac death

Sudden cardiac death (SCD) is death due to a cardiovascular cause( cadiac arrest) that occurs within one hour of the onset of symptoms.

What is tachycardia

Tachycardia is a fast heartbeat. The heart rate is greater than 100 beats a minute.

What is bradycardia

Bradycardia is a slow heartbeat.

What is ventricular tachycardia

A condition in which the lower chambers of the heart (ventricles) beat very quickly.

What is an aneurysm

An excessive localized enlargement of an artery caused by a weakening of the artery wall.

What is a Thrombus

Blood clot attached to the interior wall of an artery or vein

What happens if a thrombus travels to the lungs

If the thrombus travels to the lungs, there is a big chance this will become fatal

What is an Embolism

A sudden blocking of an artery.

What is leukemia

A cancer of blood-forming tissues, hindering the body's ability to fight infection. (also know as blood cancer)

Microcytic anemia

This anemia happens when your red blood cells don't have enough hemoglobin so they're smaller than usual.

Normocytic anemia

In this type of anemia, you have fewer red blood cells than usual, and those red blood cells don't have the normal amount of hemoglobin.

What is vasodilator

When blood vessels get wider, that's vasodilation.

What is a vasoconstrictor

The opposite process, when blood vessels constrict and get narrower, is called vasoconstriction.

Normal heart rate

60-100 BPM

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