chemistry
what are the three assumptions of gas?
gas is composed of particles (usually molecules or atoms)
particles move rapidly in a comstant random motion
the collisions are perfectly elastic meaning they transfer kinetic energy without any loss when they collide
what is gas pressure
a force exerted by a gas per unit surface area of an object due to force of collisions and number of collisions
what is KMT?
Kinetic molecular theory
what does kinetic refer to and why is it called that?
refers to motion and its because the energy an object has because of its motion is called kinetic energy
where does atmosperic pressure come from? (bonus)
collision of air molecules ( decreases the higher you go because the air is thinner because the air layers thin as elevation increases)
what is a barometer?
a device that measures atmospheric pressure, dependant on weather and altitude
what is it important for gases to relate to?
standard trmperature and pressure (STP)
what is volitility
weak or strong imf and it changes to vapor state easily
three basic unit cell features?
simple cubic -all corners
body- centered- corners and center
face- centered- all corners and center of each face
what is a phase diagram?
gives the temperature and pressure at which a substance exists at a solid liquid and gas (triple point)
describe the triple point
set of pressure and temperature where all states of matter exist
what two phases skip liquid and in which way do they go?
sublimation and deposition (sublimation is a change from a solid to a gas and deposition is from a gas to a solid)
what doesnt have an effect on liquids and solids but has one on gas?
pressure
what does the kinetic theory state?
the tiny particles in all matter are constantly moving
what happens when a substance is heated?
paritcles absord energy
explain how temperature is made
some particles absorb the energy amd do not raise in temp. but the remaining energy speeds up the particles making the temp. increase (increase kinetic temp. )
why is is called average kinetic energy?
because the particles in any collection have a wide range of kinetic energys like high or low but it just takes the mean (average ) to see what that is
what happenes to the particles when somethings heat increases more?
the wider the range or kinetic energy gets
what is kelvin temperature?
a direct relationship between average kinetic energy and temperature
what do all substances have regardless of their physical state?
the same kinetic energy
describe the equilibrium between a liquid and gas
rate or condensation equals rate of evaporation
what is the boiling point?
it is where the vapour pressure is just equal to the external pressure on the liquid
what happens when a solid is heated?
the particles vibrate faster as the kinetic energy increases
two different types of solids?
crystilline and amorphous
what is an amorphous solid?
randomly organized solid that lack internal structure (rubber, asphalt)