unit d - macromolecules
what is dehydration synthsis
making new, taking water out
what is hydrolsis
break down
what are carbohydrates made out of
carbon, hydrogen, oxygen
what are carbohydrates for?
short term engery storage
simple carbs are made out of
monosaccrides/ disaccrides
complex carbs are made of
polysaccrides
cellulose are in?
PLANTS do bot digest
how to test simple carbs?
benedict
what colour does the benedict test become
blue to any colour
what do you test with iodine?
complex carbs
what are lipids for?
long term energy storage
what are lipids made out of?
carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen (CHO)
what are lipids?
FATS.
types of lipids?
phospholipids
triglycerides
what do phospholipids have?
hydrophobic and hydrophilic
what does hydrophilic mean
it loves water!
what does hydrophobic mean?
fear of water
where can we find phospholipids?
in the cell membrane!
what are triglycerides made out of
fatty acids and glycerol !
what are fats
they are from animal orgin and are saturated
what are oils
they are from plants and are UNsaturated
how to tell unsaturated diagram?
C to C double bonds!
how to tell saturated bonds?
C to C singular bonds!
what are the 3 types of lipids
phospholipids
triglycerides
waxes
what do waxes do
they are insoluble in water
where can we find waxes?
in plants and animal fur/feathers
how do can detect lipids
translucency
what are proteins for
enymes
muscles (transport, movement, structural)
what are proteins made out of
amino acids! (CHO + nitrogen)
what is denaturation? (in proteins)
temporary change
what is coagulation (in proteins)
permanent change
how to we detect proteins
Biuret reagent
what are nucleic acids made out of
nucleotide
how much do we need vitamins
very little!!
what are enzymes used for
enzymes help, speed up chemical reactions
waht are 2 important spots for enzymes
the subtrate and active site
what is a substrate
the reactants in a chemical reaction
what is the active site
where the substrate attaches
what is it called whhen the substrate attchaes to the enzyme
enzyme substrate complex
what are the two types of enzymes
lock and key model
induced-fit model
what are two factors that can contribute of changes of enzyme activity
temperature and pH