the physical aspects of a crimw
there is no defence fault is not an issue and the accused is convicted based on guilty act
a principle of sentencing imposed on similar offenders committing similar offecnces in similar circumstances
a principle of sentencing allowing a judge to consider a sentence that is not excessivly harsh or long when an offender is ordered to serve a consecutive sentence
the concept that there can be responsibility with out fault. strict liability offences do not require intent and may endanger public welfare.
a defence that reduces the charge of murder to manslaughter if it can be proven that the accussed acted in the heat of the passion and was sufficeintly provoked, such that any resoable person would have acted
the mental element of a crimd which may be shown by intent, knowledge, recklessness or wilful blindness
the 3xclusion of the jury from the courtroom while admissibility of evidence is disscussed often refered to as a trial within a trial