unit 2 ac 1.1 crime
what does social construction mean
a view that crime has no 'abstracted reality' and are constructed through culture. things are only crimes becuase we have made them against the law society/government decides.
define social norms
behaviours that are deemed acceptable in society or groups.
define moral code
moral codes are a set of unwritten rules what an individual or a society believe are right/wrong.
define values
describes an individuals' standards of what is valuavle or important.
define crime legal definition
an act or omission which constitutes an offence and is punishable by law.
define crime social definition
behaviour that is 'anti-social' and 'harmful to society' in some way.
what are laws
a system of rules which a conutry develops to deal with areas such as crime they help social society.
define deviance
behaviours which go agaisnt the socity norms country. they are not necessrily against the law.
how many types of deviance
3
admired
odd
bad
define admired deviance
deviant but doing something good or admirableted for example saving someone's life.
define odd deviance
deviant as it is consider odd for examlpe living with an excessive amonut of cats.
define bad deviance
deviant as it is considered bad for example aduletry.
define formal sanctions
imposed by official bodies such as the police, courts, schools and other institutions. they are pushishments for breaking formal written ruels or laws. for example, courts may fine an offender for theft; schools may exclude pupils for bullying.
define informal sanctions
are used where the ruels are not formally written down and are perhaps 'unspoken'. when someone breaks these ruels, others show their disapproval in informal ways, such as refusing to speak to them, telling them off, or giving them dirty looks.
define postitve sanctions
sanctions can also be positive, such as rewards for behaviour that society approves of e.g. medals for sporting achievement or praise from a parent or teacher. These can be both formal and informal.