Chemistry 2.4
John dalton theory of atom
Said that atoms is the smallest piece of any element and that all matter is made uo of atoms which are too small to see. He also said that atoms are smooth and a solid sphere.
Modern definition of an atom
an atom is the smallest building block of matter. It's like a tiny particle that makes up everything around us. All matter is made up of atoms and atoms thenselves are made up of smaller particle called subtomic particles.
J.J thomsons theory of the atom
Said that Atoms are not indivisible and that they contain smaller, negatively charged particles now known as electrons.
J.J also proposed a model of the atom called plum pudding. Electrons were embedded in in a sphere of positive charge like blueberries stuck into a muffin.
Ernest Rudolph theorh of atoms.
Said that atoms were mostly empty space occupied by very tiny negatively charged moving electrons. He also claimed that protons were positive charged, electrons has negative charged and that neutrons have no charged.
Niels Bohr theory
Said that electrons have only have certain amounts of energy and that theg occupy energy levels or shells in the space surrounding the nucleas.
Nucleas
Tiny region at the centre of the atoms and contains both protons and neutrons.
Neutron
Symbol- n°
electric charge- 0
Mass- 1837
Location- nucleas
Neautrons has no charge that are found in the necleus of an atom.
Protons charged, location, mass and definition.
Symbol is p+
electric charge is 1+
Mass is 1836
Location is in the nucleas
Proton is positively charged particles found in the nucleas of an atom
Electrons
Symbol- e-
electric charge- 1-
Mass- 1
location- surrounding the nucleas
Electrons are negative charged particles surrounding that are spread out energy levels.
Quarks
Quarks are elementary particles and fundamental building blocks of matter.
They are the smallest things we know of, and they combine to form protons, neutrons, and other particles found in the atomic nucleus.
Quarks come in six types or "flavors" – up, down, strange, charm, bottom, and top.
Leptons
Leptons are tiny, elementary particles that don't feel the strong nuclear force.
Nuclear force
Nuclear force is like a super-strong magnet that holds the tiny particles (protons and neutrons) in an atomic nucleus together. It's what keeps the nucleus from falling apart, despite the positive charges of protons trying to push them apart.
Elemntary particles
Elementary particles are tiny, fundamental building blocks of matter and forces in the universe. They're the smallest things we know of and include particles like quarks and electrons, which combine to form atoms and everything around us.