social studies unit 3
A government policy recognizing and promoting all cultural groups that live in Canada.
-society with many distinct cultural groups
-different cultures interact peacefully
-official poicy of Canada, Australia and the UK.
Multiculturalism
Each ethnic community remains individually distinct but forms an important part of the broad picture.
Cultural Mosiac
-One dominant strong culture
-Mono = one
Monoculturalism
-Ask immigrants to give up culture
-Cultures are Amalgamated into one
-Melt away differences into majority way of life
Melting pot
-Nuns
-Professional teachers in New France
-Paid for transportation and free animals
Ursulines
-When people of Great Britain came to Canada
Great Migration
Push and Pull Factors
-Conditions cause a desire toleave a current work place.
-Lack of work, harsh winters.
-Conditions cause a want to move to another place.
-Lower taxes, climate
-Land connected Siberia and Alaska
-Most probable route of humans into the Americas
Bering Land Bridge
-1605, first European permanent settlement in Canada
Port Royal Establishment
-Women brought to marry and produce children
-Orphans or poor peasants
-Ordered by the king
- 700 Single women, ages between 16 and 30
Kings Daughters - in french - "Les Filles Du Roi"
-1 million died from hunger and disease
-Famine caused immigration
-Irish catholics couldnt buy land
-Fungus caused disease of potato crop
-1/2 of Irelands population relied on potatoes
Irish potato famine
-cargo ships which carried up to 240 immigrants
-Meant to carry lumber to Britain from BNA
-Reached BNA with 33% of passengers alive
-Died due to disease and hunger
Coffin Ships
the Canadian Pacific Railway
CPR
The type of Culture: Artifacts, Clothing, Food, Houses
Material Culture
The type of Culture: Language, Religion, Social norms
Non-Material Culture
Colonists in what is today the united states who remained loyal to great Britain.
Loyalists
-Set rules for Immigration
-Made 3 different classes of immigration
-Family, Refugee, Economic/Independant
-Happened in 2002, first 1978
Immigration Act
A person changing residence intended to be permanent.
Migration
A person going to live in another country.
Immigration
A person leaving a place in their country to live in another part.
Out-Migration
A person going into another part of their country and living there.
In-Migration
-Preserve aspects of culture but adopt some new ones
Integration
-Give up own culture by joining the national culture and customs
Assimilation
One group is seperated from others
Segregation
Immigrant class:
-Need to be a close relative to a canadian citizen
Family Class
Imigrant class:
-People forced to leave their homeland because of war or persecution
Refugee Class
Immigrant class:
-Admitted on the basis of skills, money and jobs available
Independant Class
-Big improvements to machines in Europe
-Put people out of work
-Coal made Europe dirty and dark
Industrial Revolution 1750-1850
-Minister of the interior from 1896 to 1905
-Under him, population of western canada rose from 300,000 to 1.5 million
-Organized ad campaign to attract immigrants
Clifford Sifton
Sponsor
A person who agrees to support an immigrant applying for permanent resident status.
Culture
The way groups of people organize their lives.
Indentured Labour
a form of contract labor where individuals agree to work for a specific period, often without a set salary, in exchange for services like transportation, housing, and food
Post Confederation 1867-1914
Wanted more people in the prairies
More people = more farms = more money and food
Offered 160 acres of free land, free transport, protection
Immigration Pamphlets
Sent 1 million pamphlets across Europe
Translated into 12 languages
Had practical information on them