social studies unit 3
A government policy recognizing and promoting all cultural groups that live in Canada.
-society with many distinct cultural groups
-different cultures interact peacefully
-official poicy of Canada, Australia and the UK.
Multiculturalism
Each ethnic community remains individually distinct but forms an important part of the broad picture.
Cultural Mosiac
-One dominant strong culture
-Mono = one
Monoculturalism
-Ask immigrants to give up culture
-Cultures are Amalgamated into one
-Melt away differences into majority way of life
Melting pot
-Nuns
-Professional teachers in New France
-Paid for transportation and free animals
Ursulines
-When people of Great Britain came to Canada
Great Migration
Push and Pull Factors
-Conditions cause a desire toleave a current work place.
-Lack of work, harsh winters.
-Conditions cause a want to move to another place.
-Lower taxes, climate
-Land connected Siberia and Alaska
-Most probable route of humans into the Americas
Bering Land Bridge
-1605, first European permanent settlement in Canada
Port Royal Establishment
-Women brought to marry and produce children
-Orphans or poor peasants
-Ordered by the king
- 700 Single women, ages between 16 and 30
Kings Daughters - in french - "Les Filles Du Roi"
-1 million died from hunger and disease
-Famine caused immigration
-Irish catholics couldnt buy land
-Fungus caused disease of potato crop
-1/2 of Irelands population relied on potatoes
Irish potato famine
-cargo ships which carried up to 240 immigrants
-Meant to carry lumber to Britain from BNA
-Reached BNA with 33% of passengers alive
-Died due to disease and hunger
Coffin Ships
the Canadian Pacific Railway
CPR
The type of Culture: Artifacts, Clothing, Food, Houses
Material Culture
The type of Culture: Language, Religion, Social norms
Non-Material Culture
Colonists in what is today the united states who remained loyal to great Britain.
Loyalists
-Set rules for Immigration
-Made 3 different classes of immigration
-Family, Refugee, Economic/Independant
-Happened in 2002, first 1978
Immigration Act
A person changing residence intended to be permanent.
Migration
A person going to live in another country.
Immigration
A person leaving a place in their country to live in another part.
Out-Migration
A person going into another part of their country and living there.
In-Migration
-Preserve aspects of culture but adopt some new ones
Integration
-Give up own culture by joining the national culture and customs
Assimilation
One group is seperated from others
Segregation
Immigrant class:
-Need to be a close relative to a canadian citizen
Family Class
Imigrant class:
-People forced to leave their homeland because of war or persecution
Refugee Class
Immigrant class:
-Admitted on the basis of skills, money and jobs available
Independant Class
-Big improvements to machines in Europe
-Put people out of work
-Coal made Europe dirty and dark
Industrial Revolution 1750-1850
-Minister of the interior from 1896 to 1905
-Under him, population of western canada rose from 300,000 to 1.5 million
-Organized ad campaign to attract immigrants
Clifford Sifton
Sponsor
A person who agrees to support an immigrant applying for permanent resident status.
Culture
The way groups of people organize their lives.
Indentured Labour
a form of contract labor where individuals agree to work for a specific period, often without a set salary, in exchange for services like transportation, housing, and food
Post Confederation 1867-1914
Wanted more people in the prairies
More people = more farms = more money and food
Offered 160 acres of free land, free transport, protection
Immigration Pamphlets
Sent 1 million pamphlets across Europe
Translated into 12 languages
Had practical information on them
alienation
the state or experience of being isolated from a group or an activity to which one should belong or in which one should be involved.
Prejudice
Judging someone according to preformed opinions rather than according to facts
Discrimination
The unfair treatment of an individual or group based on personal characteristics like race, gender, religion, or disability.
Racism
The belief that different races possess distinct characteristics, abilities, or qualities, especially so as to distinguish them as inferior or superior to one another.
Western Alienation
the sentiment that the Western provinces (British Columbia, Alberta, Saskatchewan, and Manitoba) feel marginalized and disempowered within the Canadian federal system.