Final Exam: Sociology 4/29
sense of self?
Ideological beliefs, Social group to which we belong and Social Status
once we reach 26 we no longer experience the process of socialization..?
False
Best shows the Socialization process?
Someone adopting new social norms and identity bases on a variety of factors.
Which matches how sociologist views the nature vs. nurture debate?
Focus more on "Nurture", but considers "Nature".
Social structure influences one's access to valuable social resources.
True
According to Weber..the legitimacy of a state hinges upon how it supports the lives and well-being of it's citizens.
False
When Echo says that fascist "enemies are at the same time too strong and too weak," what does he mean?
The "Other" is positioned as as scapegoat and dehumanized, disconnected from the material world
When Echo is talking about a Cult of the Past, what is he talking about?
An idealization of a mythic past that affirms ideological narratives.
People in positions of power would never abuse that power.
False.
Which of the following is NOT a typical part of a functioning bureaucracies.
Uneven application of rules - favoritism is encouraged.
According to POSIWID, the most effective way to examine the purpose of an institution is..
What it does and the impact of it's actions.
Based on POSIWID, we can determine that the SAT is a fair measure of human intelligence since it is oftentimes used in college admissions.
False.
Which system of thought is critical of authority and hierarchy?
Anarchy.
Institutions/groups have little to no impact in socialization.
False.
How does conformity relate to the bystander effect?
In a large crowd, people's hope that someone else will hope justifies inaction.
Which of the following is an example of Collective Effervescence?
People acting differently based on the collective energy of the group.
_____ refers to the physical manifestation of the group that is given meaning through ______, the process of ascribing sacredness to objects/concepts.
Totem; Mana.
According to Durkheim, the meaning behind symbols is universally recognized.
False.
If something is sacred, that means it is "set apart" from everyday life.
True.
According to the lecture, how does the idea of Sacredness shape people's mundane lives?
People can hold multiple concepts as sacred, prioritizing them differently depending on the situation.
How does Durkheim understand religion?
A religion is a moral community that shapes members' actions, beliefs, and morals based on notions of the sacred.
Which of the following would be an example of a ritual?
a. Cutting a cake to reveal the natal sex of a gestating fetus.
b. Waiting for a groundhog to determine if there will be a long winter.
c. Lighting candles on a Friday night to mark the special day.
Patriotism in the United States is an example of a civil religion because of how "liberty" and "freedom" are positioned as sacred, yet can be used to silence dissent.
True.
According to Weber, Protestants work harder than most people in a capitalist system.
False.
In studying various religious organizations and places of worship, what would a Sociologist be likely to conclude?
The various institutions provided a sense of community through shared meanings and symbols, with some overlap and differences between the various groups that could not be neatly summarized without more information.
Sociologists of Religion try to determine which religion is objectively true.
False.
Which of the following best describes how sociologists understand the relationship between the sacred and the profane?
The Sacred and the Profane are two sides of the same coin.
Which of the following is NOT a potential indication of a cult, according to Dr. Hassan?
Only fools believe in it.
According to the video, which issue helped organize the religious right before Roe v. Wade?
Keeping evangelical institutions segregated.
The religious Right represented the views of every religious person in the United States.
False.
Which of the following most aligns with Stone's article?
The shared language provided by religions could be utilized by people for and against a particular topic.
In the last 50 years in the U.S., the number of blended families (a family with a one or more step-parents, step-siblings, or half-siblings), has been..
On The Rise.
According to sociologists, which of the following would be the most moral and "correct" way to have a family?
A sociologist would view all of these relationships as legitimate families.
Which of the following countries has NOT ratified the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child..
The United States.
Which of these countries provides the least amount of parental leave by law?
The United States.
The case Loving v. Virginia legalized interracial marriage at a federal level in 1967.
True.
Based on the textbook and lectures, which of the following is the most accurate definition of "family values"?
A means of positioning a particular kind of family as the norm at the expense of other configurations.
People in the U.S. are getting married earlier than ever before.
False.
Which court case legalized marriage equality?
Obergefell v. Hodges.
Which of the following is a benefit to no-fault divorce?
a. Someone can divorce her abusive husband without asking for his permission
b. It means people can amicably divorce
c. It makes it easier for couples to divorce in a way that fosters co-parenting relationships
Which of the following is correlated with a marriage ending in divorce? Check all that apply.
a. Divorce being legal.
b. Both partners having a bank account, so that they are not financially dependent.
c. Getting married.
d. Cohabitation before marriage.
In the U.S., a couple's love and marital success can be determined based on the extravagance of the wedding.
False.
According to the Averett and Lamont chapters, which of the following is an example of heteronormativity? Check all that apply.
a. LGBTQ+ topics being banned in various institutions, but heterosexual topics are allowed.
b. Extra costs for LGBTQ+ parents to be added to a birth certificate as a parent.
c. Gendered dating practices that assume a heterosexual dynamic.
Despite the lack of state recognition, for some chosen family can provide people more support than their blood relatives.
True.
A polyamorous relationship is one that includes 3 or more partners having a mutually agreed upon dynamic.
True
Medicalization refers to the process by which aspects of life that were considered bad or deviant are redefined as
sickness and needing medical attention to remedy.
True
Which of the following showcases the social model of disability?
Widespread American Sign Language usage reducing the impact of being deaf and/or hard of hearing on a person's life.
Which of the following falls under the umbrella of Nuerodiversity/Nuerodivergence?
a. Autism Spectrum Disorder.
b. ADHD.
c. Bipolar disorder.
d. Anxiety.
e. OCD
The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders has never changed since it was first devised.
False.
Which of the following has been statistically found to improve child mortality and well being?
Vaccines.
The United States healthcare system is the best in the world.
False.
Which of the following was a part of President Obama's Affordable Care Act. Check all that apply.
a. Elimination of pre-existing conditions in insurance contracts.
b. People's children can use parental health insurance until they are 26 years old.
According to the Intro to LGBT Studies textbook, which of the following best exemplifies the minority stress model?
People in minority groups can experience increased harassment and job insecurity, which can impact mental health.
According to every reputable doctor, vaccines are an effective way of combating the spread of disease and improves people's health.
True.
Which of the following was NOT a reason for the impact of HIV/AIDS on the LGBT community in the U.S.?
Innate characteristics of the LGBT community.
Based on the documentary, what issue did ACT UP! organize around?
HIV and AIDS.
Which of the following would be an example of commodified healthcare? Check all that apply.
a. An employer requiring a doctor's note to get sick leave, but not offering health benefits.
b. A process where an individual's ability to be healthy is dependent on being able to afford healthcare.
c. Patients being charged exorbitant rates with the expectation that insurance will cover it.
Which of the following is an example of the social and medical construction of deviance? Check all that apply.
a. Women being diagnosed as "hysterical".
b. Homosexuality being removed from the DSM in the 70's.
Which of the following would be an example of a hidden curriculum in a public school?
Students having intricate social interactions, limiting social success to those with social status.
Which of the following best aligns with how conflict theorists would view education?
Richer students who can afford SAT tutors would have advantages getting into college.
The recent supreme court ruling made it so colleges could view parental income as a factor in student admissions.
False.
Which of the following most aligns with Jack's understanding of the privileged poor?
A lower class student who attended an elite private school being familiar with higher education institutions.
If a school administrator has good intentions, then there could not be racism occurring in their school.
False.
Which of the following would be an example of colorblind racism? Check all that apply.
a. A dress code that bans hair styles associated with students of color for the entire student body.
b. A teacher focusing on the success of the children of "squeaky wheel" parents at the expense of other students.
Which of the following is true of U.S. colleges?
Tuition has increased significantly over the past several years.
Relying on AI to write papers has a negative impact on student's long-term success.
True.
The SAT is a fair indicator of someone's intelligence.
False.
Which of the following is part of the impact of No Child Left Behind?
Over-reliance on standardized tests.
A C in an A.P. class has the same impact on a student's GPA as a C in a regular class.
False.
Which of the following is excluded from expressions of free speech on college campuses?
Hate speech against specific students.
Which of the following is included in college DEI programs? Check all that apply.
a. Making higher education more accessible for groups that have been historically excluded.
b. Disability Accommodations for students.
c. Helping students who are the first in their family to attend college succeed.
d. Veterans Services.
Which of the following is a part of Dean Spade's mutual aid model?
a. Mobilizes people for more mutual aid.
b. Does not leave out an especially marginalized part of the affected group.
c. Does not legitimize or expand a harmful system.
d. provides material relief.
Mutual Aid is based around the belief that everyone is able to contribute to their community, and that everyone is worthy of support and aid.
True.
Which of the following is an example of mutual aid?
A group giving free breakfast to kids.
According to Dean Spade, mutual aid includes things such as "liking" a post on social media.
False.
Which of the following would Dean Spade be likely to consider to be an effective mutual aid group?
A religious group that gives resources to everyone, regardless of their beliefs.
Which of the following is a part of the value added theory of social movements?
a. Structural Strain.
b. structural conduciveness.
c. Spreading ideas to the general public.
d. Reactionary Response.
Which of the following would be considered a reform movement?
A group trying to make the immigration system more just and equitable.
Which of the following would indicate that a mutual aid movement was successful?
Meeting the needs of the communities that it is a part of.
In order for a social movement to be part of a coalition, it must abandon it's principals in favor of more popular perspectives.
False.
How did the Black Panther Party meet its goals? Check all that apply.
a. Giving food directly to children.
b. Providing free healthcare to people that needed it.
Which of the following is the most common type of theft in the U.S.?
Wage Theft.
Which of the following is an example of how unions work? Check all that apply.
a. Someone representing all employees advocating for worker benefits.
c. Employees going on strike until they get proper compensation.
d. Creating solidarity amongst people in a field or industry.
Which of the following provides material relief to people?
Providing food and water to people who need it.
Sociological Imagination is..
Interpersonal issues connected to societal systems.
Nature..
Our temperaments, interests, and
talents are set before birth
− Bioessentialism
Nurture..
People are shaped by their
environment and social milieu.
Social Group Agents..
• Parents/Family
− Chosen or bio
− Habitus
• Friends
− Peer pressure?
− Partners?
Institutional Socializing Agents..
• The State
• Teachers
• Employers
• Religions
INSTITUTIONAL
SOCIALIZATION: SCHOOLS
• Hidden Curriculum
• Pledge of allegiance?
INSTITUTIONAL
SOCIALIZATION:
GOVERNMENT..
• Legal & Protected Categories
• Marriage Equality
• Police
ANTICIPATORY SOCIALIZATION
& MEDIA..
• Socialization based on future expectations
− Example: Executive Orders and appeasement
− Bystander Theory – Surely someone will do
something!!!!!!
• Internet from one room to in your pocket
− Parents/schools/work adapting to
new tech
WHAT ARE STATES?
• Sociologist Max Weber offered a now-classic
definition:
• "human community that (successfully) claims the
monopoly of the legitimate use of violence within a
given territory"
RATIONAL BUEROCRACIES..
• Hierarchical
• Clear Division of Labor
• Explicit Rules
• Impersonal – treatment doesn’t vary by DMV Clerk
• Meritocratic – Advancement through skills
POSIWID & SOCIETY..
• “Unintended” Consequences unresolved
− SAVE Act
• Convenience fee, with no other option?
• Imagined vs. real culture
− Anti-DEI as a cover for resegregation
HIERARCHY..
• Leadership
− Democracies & Autocrats
● Oligarchs? Citizens United?
DEMOCRACY..
• All men created equal in the U.S.?
• Is it a democracy if there…?
• Is Apartheid?
• Differing laws and legal systems
based on racial categories
• Segregation
• Enslaved people?
• Disenfranchised voters?
• Gerrymandering?
THE NUCLEAR FAMILY..
• One man, one woman, Ѐ.Ѓ kids
• Homeowner
• “Proper” values
FAMILY & VALUES..
• Family as a tool
• Controlling Images
FAMILY STRUCTURES..
• Biological family
• Legal family
• Blended
• Adoption
• Polyamorous?
• Chosen Family
• Dating habits