criminal justice test 1
5 functions of the criminal justice system
prevent and investigate crimes
enforce laws
prosecute criminal cases for both adults and youth
provide correctional institutions and community supervision
meet the needs of victims
"Rule of Law"
desribes the the fundamental rights and beliefs that form the foundation of a fair and just society
What is "The Charter" apart of?
the charter is part 1 of the consttuion act, 1982
what is the "notwithstanding clause"
federal and provincial governments have the ability to override specific charter rights in certain situations
who does the burden of proof rest with?
The Crown
What is "due process"?
focuses on ensuring that the proceedings of the justice process are fair
what is the crime control model?
focuses on protecting the public through the capture, prosecution, and conviction of offenders
what is deterrence?
the expectation that if society sees offenders successfully being prosecuted and convicted that it will deter others from offending
the candaian justice system balances elements of both the _________ and __________ models
due process and crime control
ensure our criminal justice system is both ____ and _____
fair and effective
2 main categories of law in canada
common law and staute law
how are common laws created
previous court decisions
precednet, also called "stare decisis" means _____
to stand by what has been decided
how are staute laws created
through the parliamentary process
5 components of the Adversarial System
the police
the court system
the correctional system
private agencies
the public
5 steps of how a criminal case is proceeded through the criminal justice system
pre-trial
trial
sentencing
penalty
reintegration
what is the primary function of law
provide society with a way of resolving disputes and ensuring that our rights and freedoms are protected
3 goals of youth justice
rehabilitate and prevent youth from becoming adult offenders
balance the needs of the youth and protect society
recognize youth are vulnerable and at a critical point in life
when was the juvenile delinquents act introduced
1908
when did the young offenders act come into effect
1984
when did the youth criminal justice act come into effect
2003
3 principles of the youth criminal justice act
prevent crime- adressing the underlying causes of behaivour
rehabilitate and reintegrate
ensuring meaningful consequences to the offender
female young offenders peak at age ___ while males peak at age ___
16 and 17
when was the OPP created
1909
when was the RCMP created
1920
name 5 reigonal police services
Toronto Police Service
Dryden Police Service
Thunder Bay Police Service
London Police Service
North Bay Police Service
2 types of stress from policing
operational stresses and organizational stresses