Chemistry 1
Explain in two sentences what happens to particles in a glass of water USING THE PARTICLE MODEL when it is cooled
As the liquid cools down, the amount of potential energy is reduced and the molecules start to move slower.
Mr. Zed chews some gum then bites his tongue. He gets upset and takes the gum out and burns it in his bunsen burner. The gum initially loses the water within the gum through evaporation and THEN it starts of fire.
Chemical Change: The chemical change is when it combusts due to the dry and hot conditions because combustion is an irreversable effect and combustion makes 2 or more new products
Physical Change: The physical change is when the gum loses the water within this is easily reversible by soaking it in water or rechewing the gum.
If you would given some coffee and chocolate chip cookie dough, could you explain what type of mixture each is?
Coffee is a homogenous mixture but could also be classified as a solution because it is made up of solutes and a solvent
Cookiedough is a heterogenous mixture because it is not completely uniform
What is the law of conservation of mass?
during a chemical reaction, the total mass of the products must be equal to the total mass of the reactants.
What is a theory?
Why things work based on evidence not absolute rules that the natural world follows
Mr. Zed takes some water and zaps it with electricity and the water separates into elements. Water is H20(l). What would you expect the ratio of elements to be?
the ratio should be 2hydrogen and 1 oxygen and the formula should be dihydrogen oxide
You have a beaker of H2O2 (l). What would this be? A mixture? A pure substance? A solution? Element? Explain.
this would be a pure substance because it is made up of two elements with no contamination it is simply H2O2
Give me at least FOUR observations of chemical change.
both expelling and absorbing energy combustion and color change if it involves making something new
Talk about TWO of the groups on the periodic table we spoke about. Explain what they are and some of their properties.
Noble gasses: Noble gasses react with nothing they're are the most stable out of anything in the periodic table
Alkiline metals: Alkiline metals are deadly and extremely reactive and or explosive they all react with water and some even with air
How do you speed up a reaction? Give me three ways.
increasing the concentration of a reactant in solution, increasing the surface area of a solid reactant, and increasing the temperature of the reaction system
A substance that Mr. Zed has randomly catches on fire. It also comes from biological sources. What are some WHMIS symbols you could slap on it.
Combustible, Oxidizing Material and Biohazardous
A random element falls from space and smacks Mr. Zed on the head. Ouch. He tests it. It conducts electricity. It’s shiny. What is it?
it could be a number of things ex both copper(Cu) or silver(Ag)
A random element is found to have 50 protons. What is it?
Tin because its atomic number is 50 equal to its number of protons
Sodium metal and hydrogen monochloride mix together. It explodes and release a ton of energy. Sodium chloride and hydrogen gas is created. Write out the reaction and write if it is exothermic or endothermic.
combustibility heat being released and finally a new substance is made in the form of gas this reaction was definitly an endothermic reaction
What is the particle model of matter
The particle (or kinetic) theory of matter can be summarised as: All matter is formed of tiny particles. The particles are constantly randomly moving about. The particles can be arranged regularly or randomly. The particles are held together by weak or strong forces.
What are the safety symbols
WHIMIS symbols
What are the differences of between solutions mixtures suspensions colloids and emulsions
Colloid particles resist settling rapidly to the bottom of a vessel due to Brownian motion. Emulsions are an example of colloids composed of tiny particles suspended in another immiscible (unmixable) material. An emulsion is a suspension of two liquids that usually do not mix together.
What is an emulsifying agent
a compound or substance that acts as a stabilizer for emulsions, preventing liquids that ordinarily don't mix from separating. ex. milk being an emulsulsion for fat and water
What is the Tyndall effect
The Tyndall effect is light scattering by particles in a colloid such as a very fine suspension. Also known as Tyndall scattering
What are physical and chemical properties
A physical property is a characteristic of matter that is not associated with a change in its chemical composition. Familiar examples of physical properties include density, color, hardness, melting and boiling points, and electrical conductivity.
Chemical properties describe the characteristic ability of a substance to react to form new substances; they include its flammability and susceptibility to corrosion
What is electrolysis
chemical decomposition produced by passing an electric current through a liquid or solution containing ions.
What did Dalton discover
Dalton's atomic theory suggested that all matter was comprised of indivisible and indestructible atoms with distinct masses and properties
Who discovered the electron
J.J. Thompson discovered the electron
Who discovered protons
Rutherford
who invented the plum pudding model
J.J. Thomson's experiments with cathode ray tubes showed that all atoms contain tiny negatively charged subatomic particles or electrons.
What are halogens and Alkili Metals
Halogens are any of the elements fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine, and astatine, occupying group VIIA (17) of the periodic table.
Alkili Metals are any of the elements lithium, sodium, potassium, rubidium, cesium, and francium, occupying Group IA (1) of the periodic table. They are very reactive,
What are metals non-metals and metalloids
Metals: Most metals have a shiny metallic luster and reflective surface. and conduct electricity Nonmetals: Nonmetals are generally dull or nonreflective and do not have a metallic luster. and don't conduct electricity Metalloids: Metalloids can have a metallic or nonmetallic appearance, and can have properties of either or sometimes even both depending on the element.
What is mass/atomic number
the mass number or atomic number is the total number of protons and neutrons in the neucleus of the atom
What is Molar mass how do you calclate neutrons electrons and protons
In chemistry, the molar mass (M) of a chemical compound is defined as the ratio between the mass and the amount of substance
multiplying the atomic mass in amu by the molar mass constant (1 g/mol). is how you get your molar mass
Rows Periods Groups and Families are
Groups: The vertical column of the periodic table that signifies the number of valence electrons in an element. Periods: The horizontal rows in the periodic table that signify the number of electron shells in an element. Families: Elements that have the same number of valence electrons and therefore similar properties.
what are some ionic compounds
NACL Carbonate Clo
what are some molecular compounds
Water (H20) as well as carbon dioxide (CO2)
Can you write out the formula of a compound if given a name ex. Aluminum Flouride and Bromine Flouride(BrF)
(Cu[III]F) (BrF)
What are reactants and products
The substances that go into a chemical reaction are called the reactants, and the substances produced at the end of the reaction are known as the products.
Can you write a combustion reaction
C3H8 + 5 O2 = 3 CO2 + 4 H2O
Can you write a oxidizing or rusting reaction
Fe2O3 + 3CO = 2Fe + 3 CO2
What is exothermic and endothermic
Exothermic is a reaction in which releases energy making heat
Endothermic is a reaction in which absorbes energy therefor making the surrounding area cold
What are catalysts and inhibitors
catalysts are substances that increase the rate of a chemical reaction without itself undergoing any permanent chemical change.
An inhibitor is a substance that slows down a chemical or corrosion reaction.
Do we have biological catalysts
proteins can react as a catalyst increasing the rate of virtually all the chemical reactions within cells.
How do we prevent corrosion or rusting
by using an inhibitor such as oil applying a coat of paint or other similar things
When something burns what products do we normally get
Carbon dioxide(CO2) and water (H20)