states of matter
evidence for particles outside of a lab
-dust in the air -smells from cooking
evidence for particles inside the lab
placing crystal purple potassium magnate in water and it will dissolve -place 2 open glass jars ontop of each other one with bromine and colour will spread
types of particles
-atoms -molecules -ions
atom
the smallest particle
molecule
two or more atoms joined together
ions
atoms with a charge
solids particle arrangment
regular pattern or lattice only movements are vibrations
liquid particle arrangment
close together not lattice can move side to side
gas particle arrangements
far apart collide with eachother
gas pressure
the pressure exuded by particles when they collide with the walls of a container
how does heat change gas
heated gas leads to increase in pressure and decrease in volume
how does the cold effect gas
there is a decrease in pressure and increase in volume
describe test to compare diffusion rates between different atoms
-soak cotton wool in acid to give off acids gas - gases diffuse and form a smoke when they met
how does mass affect diffusion
the lower the relative mass of an atom the faster the gas will diffuse