Cells Quiz Qs (part 1)
What is the basic unit of life in eukaryotic organisms?
Cell
Which of the following is not a characteristic of eukaryotic cells?
Presence of a cell wall
Which organelle is responsible for protein synthesis in eukaryotic cells?
Ribosomes
Which of the following is not found in animal cells?
Chloroplasts
Which structure is responsible for controlling the movement of materials into and out of a eukaryotic cell?
Plasma membrane
Which of the following is a function of the cytoskeleton in eukaryotic cells?
Maintaining cell shape and providing support
Which organelle is responsible for cellular respiration in eukaryotic cells?
Mitochondria
Which of the following is not a type of eukaryotic cell?
Bacterial cell
Which organelle is responsible for storing and packaging proteins in eukaryotic cells?
Endoplasmic reticulum
Which of the following is a characteristic of eukaryotic cells?
Presence of multiple linear chromosomes
Actin microfilaments are an important component of the extracellular matrix in animal cells.
True
Animal cells are surrounded by a cell wall. This cell wall has channels called plasmodesmata that allow for movement of cytoplasm between neighbouring cells.
False
Proteoglycans in the extracellular matrix trap water to form a gelatinous matrix.
True
Which of the following is a function of membranes? (Select all that apply! Partial points awarded.)
Definition of cell and organelle boundaries.
Regulation of transport.
Cell to cell communication.
Which statement(s) are true? (Select all that apply! Partial points awarded.)
Lynn Margulis proposed the endosymbiont theory in the 1960s.
Schleiden and Schwann contributed the first two parts of the Cell Theory in the 1800s.
Consider the 1952 red blood cell experiment by Gorter and Grendel. They found that phospholipids formed a layer on the water in the apparatus that was twice the surface area of the intact red blood cells. What is implied by this result? (Select all that apply! Partial points awarded.)
Membranes exist in a bilayer.
Membranes are composed of amphipathic molecules.
Which of the following would you predict to diffuse directly through the lipid bilayer most easily?
Oxygen gas
Which of the following does not have a role in either cell-cell or cell-ECM adhesion?
collagens
Each of the following cell junctions is found in intestinal epithelial cells except:
All are found in intestinal epithelial cells!
____________ function like a fence to block membrane protein movement between various regions of an intestinal epithelial cell membrane.
tight junctions
Integral membrane proteins are characterized by all of the features listed below EXCEPT:
Easily dissociated from the membrane.
Which chemical features are found in an amino acid? (Select all that apply! Marked as 'All or Nothing'.)
R-group
Hydrogen Atom
Amino group
Central carbon
Which of the following are examples of large biological molecules? (Select all that apply! Marked as 'All or Nothing'.)
Oils
Hsp40
Cellulose
Chitin
DNA
Which carbohydrates store energy?
starch and glycogen
Which macromolecules are found in animal cells?
glycogen
chitin
nucleic acids
Unsaturated fats, usually found in plants and fish, have single bonds only; this causes them to be liquid at room temperature.
False
Structural domains are regions within a protein with a predictable function and behave in a semi-independent manner.
True
The bond between two glycine amino acid residues is a:
Peptide bond
The bond between two water molecules is a:
Hydrogen bond
The bonds that stabilize the backbone of the nucleic acids are:
Ester bonds
What is the role of the lysosome, and what type of enzyme is found in this organelle?
Intracellular digestion | Hydrolytic enzymes
An alpha-helix is an example of _____________ structure found in _________ .
Secondary | Proteins
Prokaryotic cells existed before eukaryotic cells.
True
Eukaryotic cells are closer related to Archaea than Bacteria
True
Ionophores disrupt ATP synthesis by allowing electrons to diffuse through the mitochondrial inner membrane.
True
The active site of the beta subunit on ATP Synthase undergoes successive changes such that the 'L' conformation loosely holds ADP and phosphate together.
True
The Chemiosmotic Theory proposes that the H+ gradient provides the energy to synthesize large amounts of ATP.
True
Which of the following are direct products of the citric acid cycle? (Select all that apply!)
NADH
FADH2
Carbon Dioxide
Which process makes ATP (or GTP) directly? (Select all that apply! Partial points awarded.)
Glycolysis
Citric Acid Cycle
Mitochondria and chloroplasts both have an inner and outer membrane, with an intermembrane space between the two (True or False)
True
The 4 ATP molecules produced in glycolysis are synthesized via substrate level phosphorylation. That means that free inorganic phosphate is transferred onto a molecule of ADP to make ATP (True or False)
False
Which of the following is not a product of the citric acid cycle?
Acetyl CoA
Succinate dehydrogenase (Complex II) performs _________ in the citric acid cycle and _________ in the electron transport chain.
FAD reduction to FADH2 | FADH2 oxidation to FAD
ATP carries:
2H and 1 e-
Lactate fermentation has which of the following features? (Select all that apply!)
It produces NAD+.
It starts with pyruvate.
It is used commercially for food/beverage production.
It is a one-step process.
Which polysaccharide has a structural role?
Chitin
A beta pleated sheet is an example of _____________ structure, and is stabilized via _________ bonds.
Secondary | Hydrogen
You would expect that a newly discovered caspase (called Caspase-99) would have a proteolytic domain.
True
Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide becomes reduced when it:
gains a hydrogen atom and two electrons.
Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide is a co-enzyme; it can carry 2 electrons and 1 hydrogen atom.
True
Which of the following features are found in a molecule of ADP? (Select all that apply!)
Nitrogenous base
Ribose
Which of the following can be a component of the extracellular matrix?
Cellulose
Pectin
Collagen
Which of the following is a similarity between phospholipids and triglycerides?
None
Which amino acid is involved in forming very strong disulfide bonds?
Cysteine
Which of the following pairs shares a similar function? (BEST answer)
plasmsodesmata | gap junctions
Why is carbon the fundamental atom found in the large biological molecules?
Two options are correct.
Proteins involved in apoptotic pathways in C. elegans are called "ced" proteins.
True
You would expect that a newly discovered caspase (called Caspase-99) would be synthesized as Procaspase-99.
True
In which situations does apoptosis occur?
Cell damage.
Some plant development.