Surgical Conditions
Abscesses
bacteria growth in tissues. causes inflammatory response and a collection of pus from cell death
Abscess treatment
antibiotics and draining of abscess under sedation, flush wound. wound is left to heal and drain out to prevent reoccurrence.
incised
clean cut caused by sharp object
lacerated
tearing of tissue, uneven edges. contamination likely
abrasion
superficial wound. possible embedded dirt and foreign bodies.
contusion
ruptured capillaries under skin's surface (bruising). may be associated with deeper injuries
puncture
small external wound often linkes to deeper damage
gunshot
depends on gun. may be small but with significant internal damage
steps for wound treatment
treat for shock and blood loss first. cover in sterile dressing. clip wound area. remove contaminating material. flsuh with saline solution. wound is sutured and dressed.
closed fracture
no break in skin
open fracture
wound penetrated skin and fracture ends are open to the outside
signs of fractures
pain, swelling, heat. loss of function. visible deformity, crepitus.
diagnosis
anaesthesia to get radiographs- two views taken for diagnosis
transverse fracture
fracture line goes straight across bone
spiral fracture
line curves around bone
communited
more than one fracture lines- two fragments
impacted
bone fragments forced into one another
greenstick
incomplete bone fracture
oblique
line at an angle
external coaptation
casts, splints
internal fixation
pins, plates, screws
external treatment
external fixators
gastrotomy
incision into stomach
enterotomy
incision into intestines
end to end anastomoses
section of intestine removes, two ends reconnected
exploratory laparotomy surgery
opening abdomen, locating foreign body, making incision and removing object
hypovolemic shock
low volume of blood
ovariohysterectomy
spaying
orchidectomy
castration
cryptorchid
one descended testicle
dystocia
difficulty giving birth