Skyway code
What is IMSAFE?
Illness
Medication
Stress
Alcohol
Fatigue
Emotion
What is Leuchars radar frequency?
126.500
LARS range (in FL)
Up to FL100
FMC (abreviation)
Frequency monitoring code
IFR Conspicuity squawk
2000
Glasgow FMC
2620
Edinburgh FMC
0440
Dyce FMC
4270
Scottish VOLMET frequency
125.725
ATO abbreviation
Approved training organisation
What is required before carrying passengers (day)?
3 take off's and landings within the last 90 days (90 day rule). Must be in same type or class being used for the flight.
What is required before carrying passengers (night)?
Same as the 90 day rule, but one take off / landing must be completed at night (unless holder of an instrument rating)
Min fuel reserve requirement (Day VFR)
30 mins
Min fuel reserve requirement (Night VFR)
45 mins
When must you use oxygen?
WHenever cabin alt exceeds 10,000ft for more than 30 mins. Or anytime above 13,000ft
Are Part-21 aircraft required to carry an ELT?
Yes (in aircraft up to 6 seats, this can be a PLB instead)
Do you need photo ID to fly with a Part FCL?
Yes (Should be driving licence or passport)
What is HASELL check?
Height
Airframe (flaps up etc)
Security
Engine (Mixture, Fuel pump, Correct tank etc)
Location
A - Away from Areodrome
B - Built up areas
C - Cloud and Controlled Airspace
D - Danger areas
Lookout
AIC White
Administrative
AIC Yellow
Operational
AIC Pink
Safety
AIC Mauve
Airspace regulations
AIC Green
Maps and charts
RA (T) Abreviation
Restricted airspace (temporary)
F215 altitude
Up to 10,000ft
What does the F214 provide
Upper winds and temperatures
In a TAF/METAR, what is the cloud base given in relation to?
Ground level at reporting areaodrome
SIGMET meaning
Significant meteorological Information
When will the worst airframe icing usually occur?
Between 0C & -15C
What is the VFR minima below 3000ft AMSL (Class G)?
Clear of cloud
In sight of surface
Vis 1500m
Less than 140 knots
Cloud ceiling definition
Lowest cloud that covers more than half the sky (BKN or OVC)
Cloud base definition
Lowest visible cloud, so includes FEW and SCT
On the chart, what does an aerodrome with a T represent?
The aerodrome is used extensively for training flights
On the chart, what does an aerodrome with a U represent?
Unusual activity (aerobatics/formation flying etc)
MEF meaning
Max elevation figure.
Highest obstacle in the box or highest terrain +300ft
Descent rule of thumb
3NM for every 1000ft. (Assuming 100kts and -500fpm. Equates to roughly 3 deg)
What is the Take 2 Rule
2 NM horizontally and/or 200ft vertically from airspace
When is a reasonable time to request a zone transit?
10 mins prior to the boundary
Does the AIP include unlicensed aerodromes?
No
Specific gravity of Avgas?
0.72kg/litre (usually)
Specific gravity of Jet A1
0.82 kg/litre (usually)
What is TORA
Takeoff run available
What is TODA?
Includes takeoff run, as well as any clearway distance within the aerodrome boundary within which the a/c may safely climb to at least 50ft.
What is ASDA?
Accelerate stop distance available. Length of runway available for take-off run, plus any 'stopway' the runway may have.
What is LDA?
Landing distance available
Aircraft performance. 10% increase in weight
T/O x 1.2
L/D x 1.1
Aircraft performance. 1,000ft increase in elevation
T/O x 1.1
L/D x 1.1
Aircraft performance. 10C increase in temp
T/O x 1.1
L/D x 1.1
Aircraft performance. Tailwind component 10% of liftoff speed
T/O x 1.2
L/D x 1.2
Aircraft performance. 2% uphill slope
T/O x 1.1
L/D -
Aircraft performance. 2% downhill slope
T/O -
L/D x 1.1
Safety factors T/O - Landing. General
1.33
1.43
Safety factors T/O - Landing. Dry grass
1.2
1.15
Safety factors T/O - Landing. Wet grass
1.3
1.35
Safety factors T/O - Landing. Wet paved surface
Nil
1.15
Safety factors T/O - Landing. Soft ground or snow
1.25
1.25
How to calculate climb gradient
Climb gradient (%) = Rate of climb (ft/m) / Ground speed
Safetycom frequency
135.480
Rules for flying over congested area
You must not fly lower than 1000ft above the highest obstacle within 600m of the aircraft.
Can you take off/ land within 1000m of an open air assembly of more than 1000 people?
No, unless in accordance with procedures in the AIP (helicopter flights are events etc)
Rules of the air, priority when converging.
1 Balloons
2 Gliders
3 Airships
4 Aircraft towing
5 Powered aircraft
When following a feature, you should be to the...
Right (ie, keep the feature on your left). No longer a rule, but still good practice.
When overtaking an aircraft, which side should you go to?
The right
When does an overtaking situation exist?
When an aircraft is approaching from behind, and is within 70 degress from either side of it's extender centreline.
Right of way on the ground (priority list)
1 Aircraft landing / taking off
2 Aircraft
3 Vehicles towing aircraft
4 Vehicles
VMC Minima at or above 10,000ft
8km Vis
1000ft vert seperation from cloud
1500m hor seperation from cloud
VMC Minima below 10,000ft and above 3000ft (or 1000ft above terrain, whichever is higher)
5km Vis
1000ft vert seperation from cloud
1500m hor seperation from cloud
VMC Minima at or below 3000ft AMSL (or 1000ft above terrain, whichever is higher)
5km Vis (1500m if under 140 knots IAS - And CofC)
Clear of Cloud and within sight of the surface
Now applies in Class D airspace
What minima prevent a VFR flight taking off / landing / or entering the circuit?
Cloud ceiling of 1500ft, or ground visibility of 5km
What FL must VFR flights not operate above?
FL195
Does the reduced visibility minima (1500m <140kts) apply for night VFR flights?
No
For night VFR flight, what distance must be kept from the highest obstacles and in what range (above 3000ft)
1000ft above the highest object in a 8 Km (5NM) range
ATZ size
2 NM radius (RW < 1850m) 2.5 NM radius (RW > 1850m)
What is the chart symbol for TMZ (transponder mandatory zone)?
Red semi-circles
What is the chart symbol for RMZ (radio mandatory zone)?
Blue semi-circles
Wind turbines. What does the top and bottom number indicate?
1335 - Elevation of the top of the obstacle AMSL
(254) - Height of top of obstacle above local ground level
How are ATAs (Aerial Tactics Areas) marked on a chart?
Blue diamonds
What does IAPs stand for?
Instrument approach procedures
What does UAS stand for?
Unmanned aircraft systems
What does CTR stand for?
Control zone (usually SFC to 2000ft)
What does CTA stand for?
Control area (usually start at 1500ft)
What does TMA stand for?
Terminal control area
Define RPS
Lowest pressure forecast in a particular altimeter setting region. Using RPS will tend to indicate a lower value on the altimeter.
What is the safety com frequency?
135.480
What does PAVE stand for?
Pilot
Aircraft
enVironment
External pressures
What does ADS-B stand for?
Automatic Dependent Surveillance - Broadcast
What is the squawk code for being lost?
0030
5 S's for forced landing
Size
Surroundings
Shape
Surface
Slope