geo june exam 24
hight of the troposphere
12km
hight of the stratosphere
50km
hight of the mesosphere
80km
hight of the thermosphere
700km
layer containing ozone
stratosphere
ozone is a greenhouse gas in the
troposphere
how is ozone formed
o2 spoit by uv with o2 atoms
cause of ozone depletion
increased human activity,clorofluorocarbons
how to decrease ozone depletion
decrease human activity, substitution fo cfo to halocarbons
what is the solar constant
the amount of energy from the sun reaching the tropopause
how much sun energy reaches the surface
47%
insolation is
the amount of energy reavhing the surface
adiabatic lapse rate
speed at wich temperature decreases which is 65c/100m
positive lapse rate
inceasing altitude with decreasing temperature
negative lapse rate
altitude increasing and temperatures increase also called temperature inversion
aspect
direction a slope faces
difference between climate change amd global warming
climate change is the consequence of global warming
solid into liquid
melting
gas into liquid
condensation
liquid into gas
evaporation
solid into gas
sublimination
liquid into solid
freezing
gas into solid
crystallisation
condensation nuclei
small particals on which w.v condences
water vapour capacity
r.h 100% > air is saturated
dew point
temperature where condesation occurs (r.h=100%)
actual humidity
the amount of w.v in the ait measured in g/m3
relative humidity
the amount of w.v in the air relative to the w.v.c measured in %
how to calculate the r.h
(a.h/w.v.c)*100
condensation level
altitude where condensation occurs
what are clouds
water valour condenses on the condensation nuclei and becomes visible as clouds (visible water vapour)
if r.h is high
clouds will form at low altitude
if r.h is low
clouds will from at high altitudes
alto-
medium height altitude
cirro-
high altitude
cirrus
high clouds and whispy
stratus
layered in appearance
cumulus
looks like tuuf of wool
cumulonimbus is associated with
thunderstorms and hail
nimbo stratus are associated with
rain
synoptic charts
daily summary of the weather conditions
locl weather stations
gough island and marion island
isobars are
line son a s.c joinig places if equal pressure measured in hectopascal
permanent h.p.c
south atlantic h.p and south indian h.p
marble is the metamorphic rock of
limestone
how are igneous rocks formed
maga finds a weakness in the crust and pushes lava through and lava hardens to form an igneous rock
metamorphic rock are formed
when put under extreme heat and presssure
dormant volcanoes
havent erupted for a long time but can still erupt
active volcanoes
still erupt today
extinct volcanoes
havent erupted in such along time scientists persume they wont ever erupt again
plates moving apart
diverging plate boundaries
plates moving towards each other
converging
plates moving past each other
passive
faults are
cracks that occurs when compressional or tensional forces are so strong over time the rock cracks
symetrical fold
compressional forces are equally strong
normal fault
tenasional forces cause a crack and one side moves down
antisyncline
high point of a fold
syncline
low point of a fold