A TEST- Urinary system- KIDNEYS
looks
- reddish-brown
- bean-shaped
- enclosed in a tough, fibrous capsule
Location
Retroperitoneal- they lie between the dorsal wall & peritoneum
Shape
- Lateral surface convex
- medial side deeply concave
What does the depression lead to?
into a hollow chamber called the renal sinus
Kidney main function
- regulates water volume, salt concentration & PH of the blood
- removes metabolic wastes from the blood
- combines wastes with excess water & electrolytes from urine
What other functions do kidneys have?
secretes erythropoietin which produces RBC
Layers of the kidney
1) Renal Cortex
2) Renal Medulla
3) Renal Pelvis
Renal cortex
- outer layer
- Forms shell around medulla
- Granular appearance due to renal corpuscles
Renal Medulla
- middle area
- conical masses= Renal Pyramids
Renal Pelvis
- Inner area where urine collects
- 2-3 major tubes (calyces) branch into several minor tubes (calyces)
Nephrons
the functional unit of the Kidney- 1 million per kidney
Nephrons function
produces urine
Nephrons location
in the medulla (pyramids) and cortex
Nephrons subunits
2 subunits: Renal Corpuscle & Renal Tubule
Renal Corpuscle parts
Glomerulus and Glomeular
Glomerulus
Cluster of blood capillaries that filter fluid
Renal Tubule- parts in order
1) Glomerular capsule
2) Proximal convoluted tubule
3) Nephron (descending and ascending limbs)
4) Distal convoluted tubule
5) Collecting duct
How much blood do the kidney's renal blood vessels hold
large volumes (15%-30% of Cardiac Output)
Where are the renal arteries fed from?
The abdominal Aorta
What do renal blood vessels do?
continuously process & cleanse fluids
What are the renal blood vessels?
Renal arteries and renal veins
Renal arteries main function
supply oxygenated blood from the heart to the kidneys
Renal vein's main function
carry filtered blood from the kidneys to the posterior vena cava
What do the right and left renal arteries do?
- The right renal artery supplies blood to the right kidney
- the left artery sends blood to the left kidney
Afferent arterioles
tube that brings un filtered blood into the kidneys
Efferent Arterioles
carries filtered blood away from your kidneys
difference between afferent and efferent arterioles
Afferent is larger, carrying more blood