psychological treatment for schiz
how does cbt help schiz
cbt is taken once every 10 days and needs about 16 sessions. the aim of cbt to identify links between their thoughts and feelings and challenge them
how does cbt work
assessment, engagment, ABC model, normalisation, cirtical collaborative analysis and developing alternative explanantions.
eval for cbt
s- Jauhar (2014) reviewed the results of 34 studies of CBT for schizophrenia. They concluded that CBT has a significant but fairly small effect on both positive and negative symptoms additionaly Trower et al (2004) reported that CBT did not actually reduce the intensity of the hallucinations but made them seem less of a threat
s-it is NICE recommended as they review of treatments for schizophrenia found consistent evidence that, when compared with standard care (only antipsychotics), CBT was effective in reducing re-hospitalisation rates however CBT is not offered to everyone unfortunately only 1 in 10 will recieve Haddock carried out a survey in North West England, and found that out of 187 randomly selected schizophrenic patients, only 13 (6.6%) had been offered CBT.
w- CBT takes a lot of cognitve effort which schiz patients may not have.
what is family therapy
this is based on the idea that family dysfunction can play a role in develping schiz. this therapy is to alter communication patterns with family and low levels of ee
how does family therapy work
psychoeducation, forming an alliance, reducing the emotional climate and enhancing relative
eval for family therapy
s- McFarlane reviewed cases and found that family therapy reduces relapse rates and symptoms and improves relarionships. additionally NICE review of family therapy studies show that family therapy is associated with significant cost savings when offered to patients with schizophrenia. The extra cost of family therapy is offset by a reduction in costs of hospitalisation because of lower relapse rates.
s-Lobban analysed the results of 50 family therapy studies that had included an intervention to support relatives. 60% of these studies showed a positive impact of the intervention
what is token economy
this is to manage schiz behvaiour in which patients are given tokens for socially constructive behaviour they are used in wards in which patients are given tokens for socially constructive behaviour
how does token economy work
it is based on operant condiotioning there are 2 types of reinforces; primary and secondary
the main steps are that 1. desriable and undersirbale behvaiour is identfied 2. tokens given immediateltt after desriable behvaiour is done 3. they will get a certain number of desired items 4. scheduale if reinforcment is continous and is consistent
eval for token economy
s- Ayllon & Azrin used a token economy on a ward of female schizophrenic patients, many of whom had been hospitalised for many years. They were given plastic tokens for behaviours such as making their bed or carrying out domestic chores. These tokens were then exchanged for privileges
w- it is a short term soluntion and only works in a restrictive environemnt