Medical Terminology - integumentary
largest organ in the body
integument or skin
what makes the integumentary system
skin and accessory structures
what are accessory organs or structure
hair, nails, and glands
what are the two types of glands
sebaceous glands (oil) and sudoriferous glands (sweat)
agent that stimulates development of male characteristics
androgen
very small duct
duct-ule = ductule
state of equilibrium in the body
homeostasis
homeo?
same or alike
stasis?
standing still
forming complex substances with simpler compunds
synthesize
what vitamin does the skin synthesize?
D
What are the functions of the skin
protects the body against ultraviolet rays, regulates body temperature, preventing dehydration.
how many layers does a skin have
2 - epidermis and dermis
is relatively thin over most area but is thickest on the hands and feet
epidermis
sublayers of epidermis
strata, stratum corneum, basal layer
composed of dead flat cells and lacks blood supply nd sensory receptors
stratum corneum
only layer of epidermis that is compose of living cells and where new cells can be formed
basal layer
hart protein material
keratin
it prvents body fluid from leaving the body
keratin
how long does the process of new skin cell takes?
1 month
produces black pigment called melanin
melanocyte
provides a protective barrier from the suns UV rays
melanin
an individual who can not produce melanin
albino
what is the second layer of the skin
dermis
other term for dermis
corium
it is composed of living tissue and contains numrous capillaries
dermis
it binds the dermis to underlying structures
hypodermis or subcutaneous layer
what composes hypodermis?
loose connective tissue and adipose tissue interlased with blood vessels
functions of subcutaneous layer
stores fats, insulates and cushions the body, and regulates temperature
what is exocrine glands
secrete substances through ducts
it is the oily secretion from the cells that disintegrated
sebum
parts of the body with no hair
lips, nipples, palms,feet, external genitalia
visible part of the hair
hair shaft
hair part that is embedded in the dermis
hair root
root with the coverings
hair follicle
a loop of capillaries at the bottom of the hair follicle
papilla/e
protects the tips of the fingers and toes
nails
where nails are formed
nail root
composed of keratinized, stratified, squamous epithelial ells producing a very tough covering
nails
where the nails slides
nailbed
half moon shaped area on the nail
lunula
region of the nail where the growth occurs
lunula
adip/o
fat
lip/o
fat
steat/o
fat
osis
abnormal condition
oma
tumor
itis
inflammation
cutane/o
skin
dermat/o
skin
derm/o
skin
sub
under or below
-ous
pertaining to
plasty
surgical repair
hypo-
under, below, deficient
-ic
pertaining to
hindr/o
sweat
sudor/o
sweat
WR aden
gland
-esis
condition
ichthy/o
dry, scaly
kerat/o
horny tissue, hard, cornea
melan/o
black
myc/o
fungus
onych/o
nail
malacia
softening
ungu/o
nail
pil/o
hair
trich/o
hair
WR nid
nest
path/o
disease
scler/o
hardening; sclera (white thing)
seb/o
sebum or sebaceous
-rrhea
discharge or flow
squam/o
scale
-ous
pertaining to
xen/o
foreign or strange
-graft
transplantation
xer/o
dry
-cyte
cell
-derma
skin
py/o
pus
-logist
specialist of the study of
-logy
study of
-therapy
treatment
cry/o
cold
area of tissue that have been pathologically altered by injury, wound, or infection
lesions
lesions can be?
systemic or localized
initial reaction to pathologically altered tissue and may be flat or elevated
primary skin lesions
are changes that take place in the primary lesion as a result of infection, scrathcing, trauma, or various stages of a disease
secondary skin lesion
how are lesions described?
appearance, color, location, and size cm
flat, pigmented, circumscribed area less than 1cm
macule
solid, elevated lesions >1 cm in diameter. can be pigmented
papule
palpable, circumscribed lesion. larger than papule >2. extends into the dermal
nodule
solid, elevated lesion larger than 2 cm. extends until subcutaneous layer
tumor
elevated, firm, rounded lesion with localized skin edema.
wheal
elevated, circumscribed fluid filled lesion >.5cm
vesicle
small, raised lesions that has pus
Pustule
a vesicle lr blister larger than 1 cm
bulla
linear scrath marks or traumatized abrasion of the epidermis
excoriations