Sun Damage
T/F Vitamin C, which is necessary for collagen production in the body, is depleted by smoking.
True
Which of the following statements is correct?
when in direct sunlight, sunscreen has to be reapplied every 90 minutes
Red, swollen, itching, or burning lesions that appear after sun exposure may be symptoms of this condition:
solar urticaria
T/F Actinic lesions removed by curettage are sent to a lab for examination.
True
Wrinkling in crossed patterns, typical in sun-damaged skin:
crisscross wrinkling
This may occur when a client is taking photoreactive drugs and appears as a rash in the central areas of the face:
Polymorphous light Eruption
T/F It would be more accurate to call senile purpura “solar purpura” because it is more closely related to sun damage than to chronological aging.
True
T/F When free radicals attach to cell membranes, they produce lipofuscin which gives the skin a grey colour.
False
What percentage of the visible signs of aging may be accounted by extrinsic factors?
85%
This is the common term for aging symptoms related to sun exposure
Photoaging
T/F Favre Racouchot and solar comedones are not the same thing.
False
Ultraviolet A or UVA rays do what:
penetrates into the dermis
What is the best time to go into the sun?
early morning or late afternoon
T/F The face and torso of sun-damaged clients 40 and older will be the most likely place that seborrheic keratoses will be visible, and on older clients they frequently appear on cheekbones, temples, and forehead.
True
T/F Skin that does not spring back immediately when you lift it and let go is suffering from elastosis.
True
Freckles caused by sun exposure are called:
Solar lentigines
Ultraviolet B or UVB rays:
are reflected from the lower epidermis
One of the best UVA sunscreens is:
zinc oxide
T/F One of the first signs of sun damage is a skin that is no longer uniform in colour and there may be mottling or solar lentigines.
True
T/F The neck is very vulnerable to sun-damage because it is has many blood vessels in it.
True
T/F Tanning beds are a safe alternative to direct outdoor UVA and UVB exposure.
False
T/F A warm rather than hot bath with vinegar will help a sunburn by slowly reducing the inflammatory effect on the cells.
False
T/F Erythema or redness is the most immediate sign of an inflammatory response to sun exposure and is caused by dilated blood vessels.
True
What UV rays are longer and more intense?
UVA
T/F Multiple growths of actinic keratoses may be treated with a topical drug called 5-fluorouracil which is a chemotherapy drug that will can the skin to become very red, sting, and peel.
True
What Precancerous lesions caused by sun damage:
actinic keratosis
T/F Sunburned skin should be treated immediately before it becomes reactive to treatments.
False
Which SPF is best on a daily basis?
Spf15
T/F These dark splotches of hyperpigmentation that commonly develop on the hands or face of older sun-damaged skin are actually very intense solar lentigines and are known as seborrheic keratosis.
False
T/F If actinic keratoses are not treated, they may become Basal cell carcinoma.
False
Phototoxic reaction in a person taking a drug such as tetracycline or sulphur:
Polymorphous light Eruption
T/F Electrodessication which is used to treat telangiectasia involves the use of an electric needle to form a clot in the flow of blood.
True
T/F The role of Langerhans is to detect and/or destroy damaged and altered cells.
True
T/F Keratosis is a pileup or thickening of epidermal cells.
True
These lesions may be precancerous:
actinic keratosis
T/F Seborrheic keratoses are surface growths that look like scabs that have been stuck on the skin and are usually brown to dark gray or very dark, although as they age, they become lighter.
False
T/F Ultraviolet damage to the eyes can lead to cataracts.
True
T/F Actinic keratoses are often pink but may be flesh coloured and feel lightly sharp to the touch.
True
Tiny dilated blood vessels in the skin:
telangiectasias
What causes Easy bruising of the skin:
senile purpura
T/F Cigarette smoke releases huge numbers of free radicals.
True
This pigmentation disorder is usually seen in more seriously damaged skin:
Hypopigmentation
From your knowledge about ultraviolet light which of the following about UVA rays is correct:
penetrate into the dermis
When free radicals damage elastin in the skin causing it to lose elasticity and sag:
solar elastosis
T/F Cyrosurgery is the freezing of a lesion with liquid nitrogen and curettage is the scooping out of a lesion with a curette.
True
T/F After sun exposure, DNA synthesis and cell division increase greatly for several weeks.
True
What accounts for 90% of extrinsic aging
Sun
Because extraction of solar comedones or Favre-Racouchot can be very difficult an at home treatment should include:
All of the above
T/F Most sun damage occurs around the age of 18.
False
T/F Smoking causes a yellowish colour in the skin.
True
T/F Apply sunscreen at least 90 minutes before going outside and reapply every 60 minutes or so while you are in direct sunlight.
False
Hives associated with sun exposure:
solar urticaria
T/F Zinc oxide and titanium dioxide are known as particulate sunscreens.
True
T/F Bioflavonoids are used to help strengthen blood vessel walls.
True
Severe sagging in sun-damaged skin:
solar elastosis
Which of the following statements is correct?
any tan from sun is an indication of damage to the cells
T/F Vitamin P is a naturally occurring vitamin that the body uses for clotting.
False
T/F The single most important thing a client can do to protect the skin against premature aging is to use a sunscreen or sun protection product on a daily basis.
True
This is general skin damage associated with sun exposure
Actinic damage
Solar comedones are also known as:
Favre-Racouchot
What UV rays penetrate into the dermis?
UVA
One of the immediate effects of short-term sun damage is:
Immune suppression
This is the unit of measurement for the light spectrum
Nanometer
These are sometimes more obvious on the neck, décolleté and chest:
telangiectasias
Sun-damaged skin often has a thinner epidermis and may have areas of bruising known as these:
senile purpura
T/F Wrinkles in a sun-damaged skin usually occur earlier and are more severe than wrinkles formed intrinsically.
True
Surface growth or thickening of epidermal cells:
seborrheic keratosis
T/F Broad spectrum sunscreens protect against both UVA and UVB rays.
True
What UV rays penetrate the skin but stop at the lower epidermis?
UVB
T/F For clients who spend a great deal of time in the sun or have histories of skin cancer or sun-related problems, an SPF of 30 is recommended.
True
What is tanning?
a biochemical defence mechanism
From your knowledge about ultraviolet light which of the following about UVB rays is correct:
are reflected from the lower epidermis
The Sun Protection Factor (SPF) is:
a number that indicates how long skin can be exposed to the sun without burning
T/F A rapid reproduction of cells with altered DNA can lead to cancer.
True
What cell produces melanin?
melanocyte
What is tanning?
a defense mechanism
T/F Clients older than 60 with a Fitzpatrick skin type of IV, V, and VI are more likely to have actinic keratoses.
False
Tanning beds and tanning booths:
use UVA rays to tan the skin
Dark splotches of hyperpigmentation; very intense solar lentigines:
liver spots
Tanning beds
Increase UVA and decrease UVB
Form of speckled hyperpigmentation:
mottling
Sun damaged wrinkles most commonly form in areas normally affected by facial expressions.
False
This type of wrinkle is common in sun-damaged skin:
Crisscross wrinkling
Telangiectasias and hyperpigmentation in a horseshoe pattern on the neck:
Poikiloderma of Cevattes