bio
what is the order of the cell cycle
starts in interphase, which includes growth synthesis, which is a DNA replication, preparing for division, which then goes into mitosis prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase, cytokinesis, and then turns into two daughter cells
what does interphase do?
cell carries out normal function, growth cellular respiration, specialized functions. DNA is duplicated. Centrioles replicate and begin to move to opposite poles.
what does prophase do?
DNA condenses to form visible chromosomes each chromosome consisting of two sister chromatids attached by a centromere. nuclear membrane and nucleus disappear. centrioles continue to move to polls and begin to form, spindle fibres.
what does metaphase do?
Chromosomes lineup in the middle of the cell. Spindle fibres stretch from centrioles to the chromosomes. Each centromere.becomes attached to two spindle fibres one from each pole.
what is anaphase?
The central mirror split apart, as chromatids are pulled opposite polls. Spindle fibres retract to Chromatids apart each chromatids is called a daughter chromosome.
what happens in telophase?
daughter chromosomes stretch out and become thinner. nuclear membrane and nucleus reform
what happens in cytokinesis?
cell is pinched off in the centre(cleavage furrow). cytoplasm divide producing two genetically identical, daughter cells. Organelles are divided between the two new cells
what is the nuclear membrane?
The membrane surrounding the nucleus, disappears at the beginning of mitosis, and rear appears toward the end
what is chromatin?
A mass of loosely packaged genetic material
what is a chromosome?
A structure in the cell nucleus made of a piece of the cells, DNA that is condensed into a visible structue
what is chromatid?
One of two identical strains of DNA that make up a chromosome
what is centromere?
The structure that holds chromatids together as a chromosome
what is a centrioles?
structure that organize the motion of chromosomes
what are spindle fibers?
Cytoskeletal elements that originate from centrioles, involved in pulling chromosomes apart during mitosis