ANSCI
Boar
mature male pig.
Shote
young pig
Gilt
young female pig (not yet farrowed).
Sow =
mature female pig (has farrowed).
Farrowing
Act of giving birth
Calving
Cattle giving birth
Lambing
Sheep giving birth
kidding
goats giving birth
estrus (heat) period in sows typically last
1-2 days
estrous cycle itself is about
21 days
Large White-
pigs are white, with erect ears, strong body conformation, and are widely used for crossbreeding.
Hampshire
Black with white belt
Landrace = .
white with drooping ears.
Berkshire
= black with white points.
is a lipid that remains liquid at room temperature (e.g., vegetable oils).
Oil
are solid at room temperature.
fats
Proteins and minerals are not
lipids
Proteins are made of amino acids, which contain __ in their structure.
nitrogen
marked the start of animal domestication, agriculture, and settled communities.
Neolithic Period or New stone age
hunting/gathering.
old stone age
later technological development.
metal age
prehistoric, before domestication.
ice age
removal of internal organs during slaughter.
Evisceration
loosening feathers.
scalding
draining blood.
bleeding
removing skin.
skinning
is one of the longest bones in animals and humans.
Tibia
ankle bones.
Tarsals
wrist bones.
carpals
thinner leg bone, not the longest.
Fibula
is the rendered fat from ruminants (like cattle and sheep).
Tallow
plant-based liquid fat.
Oil
oily secretion from skin glands.
Sebum
local term for fat but not the technical term.
Sebo
is essential for calcium absorption and bone health.
Vitamin D (D3)
vision and growth.
Vitamin A
Vitamin K
blood clotting
Vitamin E
antioxidant
is a forage grass, not a legume.
Napier grass
= release of a mature egg from the ovary.
Ovulation
pregnancy period.
Gestation
attachment of embryo to uterus.
Implantation
development of embryo outside the body (e.g., eggs).
Incubation
The sheath (prepuce)
covers and protects the penis.
Scrotum
sac holding testes.
Spermatic
related to spermatic cord
Urethra
tube for urine/semen passage.
first milk, rich in antibodies and nutrients, vital for newborn immunity.
Colostrum
= regular secretion.
Fresh milk
= not technical terms.
Special milk/centrum
is the ruminant’s true stomach, where enzymatic digestion occurs.
abomasum
Many plies
omasum
Honeycomb
reticulum
male parent in animal breeding.
Sire
female parent.
Dam
first filial generation (offspring of cross).
F1
young produced.
Offspring
is the local term for rabbit meat in the Philippines.
Lapan
young sheep meat.
Lamb
= venison.
Deer
mutton (if mature).
Sheep =
Egg size classification:
Jumbo:
~70 g+
Egg size classification:
Large:
65–70 g
Egg size classification:
Medium:
55–60 g
Egg size classification:
Small:
50–54 g
Egg size classification:
Pewee:
<50 g
the period of sexual receptivity when ovulation occurs.
Estrus phase
follicle development.
Proestrus
post-ovulation changes.
Metestrus
luteal phase.
Diestrus
is the glandular stomach in poultry where enzymatic digestion begins.
proventriculus
storage.
Crop
mechanical grinding.
Gizzard
passage tube.
Esophagus
Numida meleagris
guinea fowl.
Meleagris gallopavo =
turkey
Pavo cristatus
peacock
Cairina moschata
Muscovy duck.
(often spelled “borrow” in local usage) = castrated male pig.
Barrow
uncastrated mature male pig.
Boar
= gilt (young) or sow (mature).
Female pig
is a pouch-like extension of the esophagus in poultry, serving as temporary food storage.
crop
= grinding organ.
Gizzard
glandular stomach.
Proventriculus
another term for gizzard
Ventriculus
Tocopherols, an antioxidant protecting cell membranes.
Vitamin E
Quinones =
Vitamin K
Retinoids =
Vitamin A.
precursors of Vitamin A.
Carotenoids
is the building block for growth, tissue repair, and muscle development.
Protein
energy sources.
Fat and carbohydrates
structural and regulatory roles.
Minerals
in ruminants has a honeycomb-like lining.
reticulum
fermentation vat.
Rumen
aids calcium absorption, preventing bone diseases like osteoporosis.
Vitamin D
is used for ensiling forage (fermentation to preserve feed).
Silo
The Philippine carabao is a -type buffalo, used for draft power and adapted to wetland farming.
swamp
dairy type, common in India.
River buffalo
castrated male sheep.
Wether
female sheep.
Ewe