Static electricity is the result of an imbalance between negative and positive charges in an object.
Electrons have a Negative charge.
Protons have a positive charge.
They have a neutral electric charge
When an object has more negative electrons it becomes negatively charged.
When an object has more positive electrons it becomes positively charged.
The nucleus is in the centre of the atom and is made up of tiny particles called protons and neutrons.
An insulator is a material that doesn't let electricity or heat flow through it very easily.
A conductor is a material that allows electricity or heat to flow through it easily.
The unit of charge is called the "coulomb."
A Van de Graaff generator is like a magic machine that makes your hair stand up and can create sparks.
Grounding is a way to safely get rid of extra electricity
A force is a push or a pull that makes things move or change their motion.
Electric force is a push or pull that happens between things with electric charges.
*If they have opposite charges, they will attract each other. It's like a magnet pulling two objects together.
*If they have the same charges, they will repel each other. It's like two magnets with the same ends pushing each other away.
Two charges attract each other when they are different from each other.
Bring them closer together and
Increase the amount of charge
charging by induction is a way to make an object become charged by influencing the charges in it without direct contact.
Electrical potential difference is like a "push" that makes electric charges move.
Another name for voltage is "electric potential difference."
Another name for batteries is: "galvanic cell" or "voltaic cell."
A device called a "voltmeter" measures potential differences or voltage.
.They make electricity by using chemical reactions.
Energy is the "power" that makes things happen. Energy comes in different forms, like light, heat, and motion.
Potential energy is like "stored" energy. It's energy that something has because of its position or condition.
A device called a "voltmeter" measures voltage.
An electrolyte is like a special liquid that helps electricity flow.
current is the flow of electricity through a wire or a circuit.
The ampere is a unit that measures how much electric current is flowing in a wire or circuit.
A device used for measuring electric current is called an "ammeter."
Lightbulbs
Appliances
Electronics
Heaters and Air Conditioners
They use symbols to show how electrical components, like wires, batteries, and switches, are connected in an electrical circuit.
When you have an open switch, it's like having a gap in the path for electricity.
Things like resistance slow down the flow of electrons in a wire
The unit of measurement for electrical resistance is the ohm (symbol: Ω).
V = I * R
Resistors:
Light Bulbs:
Electric Motors:
Loudspeakers:
Solar Panels:
A series circuit is like a single pathway for electricity.
When you add a resistor to a series circuit, the total resistance in the circuit increases
A parallel circuit is like having multiple separate pathways for electricity.
When you connect resistors in parallel, it's like giving electricity more pathways to travel.
There are 1,000 milliamperes (mA) in one ampere (A)
If you increase the number of cells in a parallel circuit, it's like adding more power sources to the circuit.
If you increase the number of cells in a series circuit, it's like stacking more batteries in a row.