CHAPTER 2 & CHAPTER 3 QUIZ 2 ANSWER KEY
How does knowledge of psychological statistics directly IMPACT CLINICAL-DECISION MAKING in the interpretation of quantitative assessment tools?
By enabling psychologists to describe, analyze, and draw conclusions from numerical test scores, thereby supporting informed and objective clinical decisions
A researchers CATEGORIZES participants by their coping strategies (e,g., problem-focused, emotion-focused, avoidance). What type of scale used here?
Nominal scale
In a psychological study, researchers want to determine if a NEW THERAPHT IMPROVES DEPRESSION SCORES among a group of participants. They collect data from a sample and aim to generalize the findings to the LARGER POLULATION. What type of statistics should the researchers use for this purpose?
Descriptive Statistics
In a study of MEASURING the WEIGHT of participants BEFORE and AFTER a diet program, the researchers wants to report the AVERAGE WEIGHT LOSS and HOW MUCH WEIGHT LOSS VARIED among participants. Which combinations of descriptive statistics should reseracher use?
Mean and standard deviation
A researcher conducts a study on thr SOCIAL MEDIA USE ON METAL HEALTH and summarizes the findings by creating a pie to show the proportion of participants experiencing VARIOUS LEVELS of STRESS. What is the primary purpose of this statistical analysis?
To analyze the correlation between social media use and stress levels
What does the a FREQUENCY DISTRIBUTION DISPLAY?
A list of all scores alongside the number of times each score ocurred
During a states assessment, Mark achieved a score in the 60th PERCENTILE. What does this percentile rank mean for Mark's performance?
Mark's score is the average score among all test-takers
In a dataset of test scores, the distribution is NEGATIVELY SKEWED. What can you infer about the distribution?
The distribution is symmteric
In a dataset of exam scores, ONE DATA POINT is HIGHER THAN the rest of the scores. This data point is called:
A mode
In the context of DESCRIPTIVE STATISTICS, which statement is NOT accurate?
The mode is always the middle value of dataset
A cognitive psychologists is investigating the reaction times of participants in a memory experiment. She wants to understand the SPREAD and VARIABILITY in reaction times among participants. Which descriptive statistic should she use?
Range
In which of the following situations is the NORMAL CURVE most likely to be observed?
The distribution of daily high temperatures in a tropical rainforest
In a standard NORMAL DISTRIBUTION (z-distribution), what percentage of the data falls between -2 standard deviations and +2 standard deviations from the mean?
Approximately 95%
A researcher wants to convert dataset of exam scores into percentile ranks. If a STUDENT'S score falls at the 75th PERCENTILE, what percentage of students SCORED LOWER THAN this student?
25%
The student's RAW SCORE on the test is 75, the MEAN (average) score for the national norming sample is 60 and the STANDARD DEVIATION for the national sample is 10. What is the T-score for the student's math test score?
1.5
The child's RAW SCORE on the questionnaire is 32, the MEAN(average) score for a typical child of the same age is 28, and the STANDARD DEVIATION is 5. What is the child's Z-score?
0.8
What does a T score scale typically represent in statistical terms?
A scale with a mean set at 50 and a standard deviation set at 10
Which statement best describes STANINE SCORE?
A score with nine possible values, each corresponding to a different percentile range
In a symmetrical distribution, where are the majority of the scores typically found?
The majority of scores are gathered in the center and spread out evenly from left to right.
What best describes a NOMINAL SCALE?
Categories without a natural order, using words instead of numbers
Which of the following is an EXAMPLE of a NOMINAL SCALE?
Eye color: green, blue, brown
Which of the following can be categorized using a NOMINAL SCALE?
Test result: passed, failed
What is an EXAMPLE of a NOMINAL SCALE in personality assessment?
Jungian personality type: ESTJ, ISTJ, WNTJ, and INTJ
Which statement describes the ORDINAL SCALE?
It has rank orders that are unequal and don't matter in calculations
Which of the following is an EXAMPLE of an ORDINAL SCALE?
Personality choices: {strongly disagree, disagree, agree, strongly agree}
Which scale is the LIKERT SCALE often considered as?
Interval scale
What best describes an INTERVAL SCALE?
It has a meaningful distance between numbers, with each unit equal to others, and no zero point
Which of these is an EXAMPLE of an INTERVAL SCALE?
Temperature in degrees Celsius: 0°C does not mean no heat
What is a defining characteristic of a RATIO SCALE?
It has a true zero point, indicating the absence of the measured attribute
Which is an EXAMPLE of a RATIO SCALE?
Number of siblings: 0 siblings means the absence of siblings
INFERENTIAL STATISTICS is useful when:
Drawing conclusions about an entire population from a sample
What best describes DESCRIPTIVE STATISTICS?
Summarizes and describes all gathered data in a small data set
What is TRUE of DESCRIPTIVE STATISTICS?
It only describes and summarizes data without drawing conclusions
What does the FLOOR EFFECT indicate?
Scores gathered at the left portion, indicating a difficult test