MERGE oncology
liver cancer
green
lung cancer
white
leukemia
orange
breast cancer
pink
kaposis sarcoma
purple
aids
red
plant alkaloid
periwinkle plant
5 - 10% risk of cancer
genetics
5 - 10% risk of cancer
genetics
nephroblastoma
2 - 4 y/o
testicular cancer
15 - 35 y/o
warm, flushing, metallic taste, rusty, salty is caused by
dye
4 - 5 mm3
RBC
99% of cancer in female
breast cancer
backwash valve of gastric contents
achalasia
<4M
leukemia
5 - 10 T
wbc
fever during BT
pyrogenic
>5M mm3
>erythrocytosis/ polycythemia
150T - 400T
platelete
PSA <4ng/dl
normal
PSA 5 - 10
BPH
PSA >10 ng/dl
prostatic carcinoma
tumor markers for liver and testicle cancer
alpha - feto protein (AFP)
tumor markers for testicle and ovarian
HCG
CA 125
cervix and ovary
CA 19 -9
GIT
CA 15-3
breast cancer
NSE (neurospecific enolase)
abdominal enlargement
CEA (carcino embryonic antigen
lung, cervix, breast, colon, pancreas, gastric
3D image of internal structure, supine and small pillow
CT scan
tunnel vision, put ear pluds
MRI
deeper structure metabolism, use Dye (IV radioisotope), avoid sugar 24 hr prior to injury. use conscious sedation if pt is claustrophobic
PET scan
injection of blue dye in clubbing of the toes, it determines regional lymphnode involvement, metastasis and treatment effectiveness
lymphangiography
gold standard dx for pt w/ cancer. cell differentiation, gistopathology, invasive
bioosy
common complication of biopsy
bleeding
adenoma
benign
neuroma
benign
cannot be assess tumor
tx
To
no pt tumor
tumor stage zero, epithelial lining, tymor situ
tis
1 cm - <2cm
T1
2 - 5 cm
T2
>5 - <6 cm
T3
>6cm
T4
Treatment modalities for cancer health teaching. what does KUCCO means
knowledge, understanding, compliance, control
may cause by oil, bacteria, IV catheter, fat, long bone fracture, amniotic fluid, blood clot, debris، tumor
pulmonary embolism
meds to prevent aspiration
atropine sulfate
anxiolytic، antiemetic, antohistamine, narcotic, analgesic
Preop
monitor VS
anesthesiologist
procedure done to remove a part of a lung
lobectomy
malignant hyperthermia
hereditary
Mgt for benign breast cancer
close incision
process in which tissue is removed from the suspected body part and is taken to a laboratory. It is a diagnosis
Frozen section cold biopsy
thyroid cancer
female
mimics hyperthyroidism (Grave's disease)
thyroid cancer
spinal anesthesia
L1 - C1
common for boys ages 5 -20, worsens at night. Mgt: amputation/debulking
bone cancer
external radiation. In the process, mostly tumours inside the body are irradiated through the skin from outside the patient.
teletherapy
earliest sign of skin inflammation
erythema
s/s includes fatigue, alopecia, nausea, vomiting, stomatitis, loss of smell cystitis
teletherapy
contraindicated to pregnant woman, children, nursing mothers
teletherapy
internal radiation, short distance
brachytherapy
white pupil/cat's eye reflex
retinoblastoma
destroy activity of thyroid gland. makes body fluid radioactive (flush 3x)
sodium iodine capsule
not permitted: pregnant, childrens, noxious
radiation
what do pt undergo when given antimotility drug w/ CBR and w/o bathroom privileges (12 -24 hr)
radiation
distance should be 3 - 6 ft and exposure is 30 mins/8H and 30 mins/day for visitor
radiation
alkalyting: increase fluid intake
cytoxan
antimetabolites: hepatotoxic
methotrexate
antitumor antibiotic: discolored urine, arrhythmia
doxorubicin
mitotic inhibitor: Neurotoxic
oncovin (vincristine)
sterioid; cushing syndrome
Prednisone
hormonal: antiestrogen
tamoxifen
meds for cancer in esophagus, stomach, colon, liver, skin
5 FU fluoro uracil (adrucil)
report when taking 5 FU
fluke
s/s of vincristine
constipation
s/s: hypeerglycemia, HPN, fluid retention, weight gain, PUD, cataract, osteoporosis. may cause cushing- cushion at long term
steroid: prednison
taken PO 5-10 yrs, s)s: menopause, hot flashes, irritable
hormonal: tamoxifen
bone pain means effectivity thus mgt involve pain scale
tamoxifen
HPV vaccine
9 y/o
intravesical inyo the bladder via urinary catheter
BCG
boost immune system/stimulate/enhance
immunotherapy
s/s: fever chills fatigue
immunotherapy
for leukemia pt: T cell engineered therapy
gene therapy
a/e: capillary leak syndrome, fever, pulmonary edema
immunotherapy
for breast cancer
monoclonal
lung cancer
tarceva
acute myoloid leykemia (AML)
gleevec
thrombus, altapresyon (bp), rash, gray hair, elevated liver enzyme, Tai -Tai (violent diarrhea)
targeted therapy
prolong life/replace damage organ
stem cell/organ transplantation
self
autograft
other people
allograft
animal
xenograft
twin/syngeneic
isograft
creatinine
.6 -1.6 mg/dl
BUN
10 -20
urine output
700 cc/24 hr
urine output for hr
30 cc
contra to pt w) thrombocytopenia, bleeding, HR d'se
acupuncture
eye pressure point
index finger
brsin point
thumb
green tea, tomato, garlic, barley
herbal alternative
using local application of intense cold to destroy unwanted tissue. 20 - 70 Celsius: cervix, kidney prostate
cryosurgery/cryoablation
tx to destroy cancer cell/ make them weaker: head, uterus, peritoneal cavity, esophagus, rectum
hyperthermia (113 F)
breast cancer month
october
common sire of breast cancer
upper outer quadrant (ductal)
breast cancer clinical manifestation:
B R E A S T
bleeding
retraction of nipple
evidence of fungus & ulcer
asymmetry
skin dimpling: orange peeling
thickening ( non-movable, painless, hard)
determine size of tumor
untrasound
breast cancer complication
lymphadema
collapsible devicr that suction drainage from surgical site; promote wound healing
jackson-pratt
post- operative NI: breast cancer
B R E A S T
bleeding
ROM
ELEVATE
Assess
support
teaching
top 2 cancer
lung cancer
early: asymptomatic
advancing stage:DOB, hemoptysis
warning: nagging cough
inflammatory: fever, URT
lung cancer
fastest way to remove tumor
radiation
target therapy: terceva, Herbal: garlic, paliative: <6 mos
lung cancer
top 3 cancer
colon carcinoma
+LLQ pain
colon carcinoma
liver cancer clinical manifestation:
L I V E R
Loss of apetite
indigestion
vomiting
enlarge liver
RUQ pain
effects of growing tumors
4 C's
change in bowel pattern
changes in stool (pencil stool, ribbon like)
chronic rectal bleeding
chronic anemia (fatigue, weakness, weight loss)
nuts, sweet potato, cabbage, broccoli
gas forming
early: asymptomatic
warning: caution us
late stage: hematuria, perineal pain/back pain/painful ejaculation
prostatic carcinoma
hard stony lungs
prostatic carcinoma
tumor markers: PSA, alkalyne & acid phosphatase: increase means metastasize
prostatic carcinoma
tx for >70 y/o w/ prostate cancer
palliative
herbsl alternative for prostate cancer
pure barley extraction
mgt for prostatic carcinoma
P R O S T A T E
pain mgt
radical prostatectomy (impotence)
over 70 palliative
stilphostrol: estrogen < signs of tumor
testicular removal: orchiectomy
anti-cancer: taxol: animitotic
traditional herbal medicine
external &internal radiation
cervical carcinoma color
teal
early signs: asymptomatic, leukorrhea (white discharge)
late signs: post-coital bleeding, painful intercourse (dyspareunia), menstrual bleeding (PPM)
cervical carcinoma
solution used in pap smear
acetic acid
carboplatin - alkalyne
cervical carcinoma
total hysterectomy
uterus & cervix
entire cervix
stage 1
upper 2/3 vaginal canal
stage 2
lower 3rd vaginal canal
stage 3
pelvic wall: bladder
stage 4
most common type of malignant cancer of thyroid
papillary
thyroid cancer color
purple, fuschia, teal
blood test: increased T3 & T4, decreased TSH
thyroid cancer
malignant cancer of wbc and bone marrow
leukemia
leukemia color
orange
leukemia peak
3 y/o, <10 y/o
chromosomal abnormality 17, 19, 21
leukemia
clinical manifestation: leukocytosis, anemia, thrombocytopenia
leukemia
silent killer
ovarian carcinoma
etiology of ovarian carcinoma
O V A
obesity
vaginal use
Age above 50
clinical manifestations:
early: asymptomatic, amenorrhea
cardinal sign: abdominal enlarge wall, nausea & vomiting
ovarian carcinoma
often spread by saliva and close contact. also called the kissing disease, is a contagious disease most often caused by the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV). symptoms,such as fatigue, body aches and fever, improve without treatment
mononocleusis
help relax smooth muscles, reduce inflammation, and impact the effects of androgen hormones in the body. reduce muscle spasm in protate cancer
saw palmetto berry
alkalyting agent causes tinnitus, cystitis, neuropathy, numbness, paresthesia
cisplatin
hallmark: hypertension, hypermetabolism, hyperglycemia, headache, and hyperhidrosis (5H)
pheochromocytoma
rare tumor that forms in the middle of your adrenal gland. catecholamine-secreting tumor derived from chromaffin cells
pheochromocytoma
Surgery to remove the uterus, cervix, part of the vagina,
radical hysterectomy
used to treat brain tumors and other brain disorders.
stereotactic radiosurgery