module 2 study
When a neurotransmitter communicates an inhibitory message to a postsynaptic (receiving) neuron, the:
postsynaptic (receiving) neuron is
less likely to have an action potential.
When neurotransmitters communicate an excitatory message to the postsynaptic (receiving) neuron:
the postsynaptic (receiving) neuron is
more likely to activate.
Which of the following neurotransmitters is implicated in Alzheimer's disease?
acetylcholine
As a general rule, communication within a neuron progresses from:
the dendrites to the cell body to the
axon.
Vesicles contain:
neurotransmitters.
Which part of the neuron receives messages from other neurons?
the dendrite
Like a key in a lock, the shape of the___ must bind with the___
of the receiving
neuron.
neurotransmitter; receptor site on
the dendrite
What happens to the neurotransmitters that fail to attach to a receptor site?
In a process called reuptake, they are reabsorbed by the sending neuron and recycled.
Most neurons have all of the following parts
*except*:
association areas.
The branch of psychology that is focused on understanding the internal physical events and processes that correspond with our experiences and behavior is called:
biological psychology.
Following her stroke, Fernando's grandmother could understand what she read or what was being said to her. However, she had great difficulty speaking. Based on these observations, Fernando suspected that his grandmother's stroke had produced damage in:
Broca's area.
Each cerebral hemisphere can be roughly divided into four lobes. Which lobe processes auditory information?
the temporal lobe
In general, the sympathetic nervous system _____ while the parasympathetic nervous system ____
arouses and mobilizes; maintains and
conserves
Which brain structure exerts considerable influence over the secretion of hormones throughout the body?
the hypothalamus
Information from specialized cells in the sense organs is conveyed to the brain by:
sensory neurons.
Thomas was distracted as he was cooking, and he inadvertently touched a very hot dish.
Instantaneously, he jerked his hand back, a reflexive action that was processed:
in his spinal cord.
_____ convey information about the environment from the sense organs to the brain, and ____ communicate information to the muscles and glands.
Sensory neurons; motor neurons
The endocrine system involves communication by chemical messengers called ____, which circulate through the ____
hormones; bloodstream
Another word for epinephrine is:
adrenaline.
Which gland produces melatonin, a hormone that helps to regulate our sleep/wake cycle?
the pineal gland