PE - Applied Anatomy and Physiology(paper 1)-Types of Contraction-(1.1.2)
What is contraction?
When muscles are put under tension
What are the two types of contraction?
isometric and isotonic
What is an isometric contraction?
when the muscles stay the same length.
What are examples of isometric contractions?
wall sit and plank
What is an isotonic contraction?
when the muscles change length under tension.
What are the two types of isotonic contraction?
eccentric and concentric
What happens during an eccentric contraction?
the muscle elongates and stretches. this is usually in the breaking and slowing down on the motion.
What happens in a concentric contraction?
the muscle shortens under tension
What are the three phases in the stretch shortening cycle?
phase 1: eccentric
phase 2: ammortisation
phase3: concentric
what happens during the eccentric phase of the stretch shortening cycle?
the muscle if stretched/elongated to preload the muscle and results in energy.
this stores elastic energy and stimulates the muscle spindles.
what is the ammortisation phase of the stretch shortening cycle?
the time between the eccentric phase and the concentric phase of the contraction.
what is the concentric phase of the stretch shortening cycle?
this is gained as a result of phases 1 and 2.
the stored elastic energy allows maxixmum force to exerted in the contraction/moevement.
how does the duration of the eccentric phase effect the concentric phase?
the longer the eccentric phase the more powerful the concentric phase due to the increased storage of elastic energy.